Orders Providing Camp Necessaries, 1757

An imposing 18th-century War Office Building in the heart of London, a testament to the grandeur and strategic importance of the era's military administration. The structure, adorned with stately architecture, looms over the cobblestone street with its tall, arched windows and grand, columned entrance. (Jeffrey Campbell, War Office, London, 2024. Artist's rendition created with Perchance AI Image Generator)

Orders Providing Camp Necessaries, 1757

War Office 14th January 1757

My Lord & Sir,

Having Signified His Majesty's Pleasure to George Ross Esqr. to provide forthwith Camp Necessaries for the Second Highland Battallion of Foot to be forthwith raised under the Command of Lieut. Colonel Simon Fraser, and Employed in the defence of His Majesty's Colonies in North America, for which £548.12.9 is to be allowed to the said Battallion, agreeable to the allowances made to the Regiments of 100 Men a Company; (excepting Copper Kettles for the use of the said Battallion instead of Tin ones) I am to acquaint you, it is His Majesty's Pleasure, that you do advance Two Thirds of the above sum of £548.1.9 for the said Battallion, to Geo. Ross Esqr., to provide the Camp Necessaries accordingly; and as soon as a proper Return shall be made to me, that the Camp Necessaries are all provided, I will send you the proper Warrant to vouch payment of the whole.

My Lord & Sir

Your most obedt.humble Servt.

Barrington

Rt. Honble Lord Viscount

Dupplin and Thos. Potter Esqr.

Paymaster General./

Note: George Ross, who represented a number British regiments, was the hired agent to Colonel Fraser's battalion for the duration of the war in North America. 

Source:

War Office Records: Out Letters: Secretary at War. General Letters, Dec. 1756-Apr. 1757. LAC, W.O. 4, vol. 53 (Selections).

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2020.

Orders Providing Arms to the Highland Regiments, 1757

A meticulously detailed close-up of a Lord Barrington in his office within the 18th-century War Office Building in London. He is hunched over an antique mahogany desk, quill poised in hand, as he carefully inscribes confidential letters by candlelight. The flickering flame casts a warm, golden glow on his furrowed brow and the pile of parchment scattered before him. The walls are lined with ornate, floor-to-ceiling bookshelves, filled with leather-bound tomes and rolled maps, revealing the wealth of military knowledge and strategy at his fingertips. An ancient-looking globe rests on a stand in the corner, the known world of the time etched onto its surface. (Jeffrey Campbell, Lord Barrington, 2024. Artist's rendition created with Perchance AI Image Generator)

Orders Providing Arms to the Highland Regiments, 1757

War Office 13th January 1757

Sir,

His Majesty Having thought fit to order two Highland Battalions of Foot to be forthwith raised each Battalion to Consist of Forty Serjeants Forty Corporals Twenty Drummers and One Thousand Effective Private Men besides Commission Officers, I have the Honour to acquaint you therewith that you may be pleased to receive His Majesty's Commands thereupon and Signify the same to the Master Genl. of the Ordnance that the Arms &c mentioned in the annexed List for the said two Battalions may be delivered out of his Majesty's Stores & the Expence thereof charged to the Estimate of Ordnance for Parliament.

I am 

Sir &c

Barrington

Copy

Rt. Honble Wm. Pitt His Maty's

Principal Secry of State

	Iron Ramrods	Firelocks & Bayonets	Side Pistols	Cartouch Boxes and Straps	Halberts	Drums
First Battalion	1040	1040	1080	1040	40	20
Second Battalion	1040	1040	1080	1040	40	20
Total	2080	2080	2160	2080	80	40

First Highland Battalion was commanded by Lt.-Col. Montgomery, later renumbered the 62nd Regiment of Foot, and finally the 77th Regiment of Foot.

Second Highland Battalion was commanded by Lt.-Col. Fraser, later renumbered the 63rd Regiment of Foot, and finally the 78th Regiment of Foot.

Source:

War Office Records: Out Letters: Secretary at War. General Letters, Dec. 1756-Apr. 1757. LAC, W.O. 4, vol. 53 (Selections).

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2020

Land Petition of Serjeant Alexander Fraser, 78th Regiment

An 18th-century panoramic view of Albany, New York, nestled on the west side of the Hudson River as the first light of dawn kisses the horizon. The sunrise casts a soft, warm glow across the quaint town, with its wooden buildings and cobblestone streets still shrouded in the early morning mist. The majestic river, a vital trade route of the era, is bustling with activity as ships with billowing sails and horse-drawn carriages line the docks, hinting at the city's thriving economy and its significance as a colonial hub. (Jeffrey Campbell, Albany, New York, 2024. Artist's rendition created with Perchance AI Image Generator)

Land Petition of Serjeant Alexander Fraser, 78th Regiment

Pursuant to an Order in Counsil from the Honourable Cadwallader Colden Esqr. Lieutenant Governor and Commanded in Chief of the province of New York and the Territories depending thereon in America Bearing Date the twentyfirst day of March Last past.

Surveyed for Alexander Fraser Late a Serjeant in his Majestys Seventy Eight Regiment of Foot and in Collonel Fraser's Company all that Certain tract or Parcell of Land situate Lying and being in County of Albany on the East side of Hudsons River  Beginning at the Southwest Corner of a tract of Land Surveyed for Dugal McFarland Late a Corporal and runs thence East Sixty Chains and Seventeen Links then South Thrity five Chains Then Sixty Chains and Seventeen Links Then North Thirty vive Chains to the Place where this Tract first began Containing two hundred acres of Land and the usual allowance for highways.

Given under my hand this sixth day of November one Thousand seven hundred and sixty four

[signed]

Alexr. Colden Surveyor Genl.

Cover sheet:

6th No. 41

[one word illegible] 200 acres of Land on the East Side of Hudsons River for Alexr. Fraser late a Serjt in the 78th Regt & in Coll Frasers Compy

made out

Top row:

Dugald McFarland

Alexander Fraser, Serjeant, 78th Regt., Colonel Fraser's Company [north/south 35 chains, east/west 60 chains, 17 links].

Alexander Fraser, Serjeant, 78th Regt., Captain Hugh Fraser's Company

*Alexander Fraser, Serjeant, 78th Regt., Captain [Alexander] Wood's Company

Allen Cameron, Serjeant

Bottom row:

John McIntire, Corporal, 77th Regt.

John Gibson. Serjeant, 77th Regt.

John Grant, Corporal

David McHo[?]key

Description: A Plot or Description of a Tract of Land Survey'd for Alexander Fraser Late a Serjeant in the 78th Regiment and in Coll Frasers Company Plotted from a Scale of twenty Chains in an Inch.   [illegible] Alexr Colden Surveyor Genl.

18 : 94 [volume/page]

Notes:
1. Serjeant Alexander Fraser's name appears in Captain Alexander Wood's Company as one of the 170 discharged soldiers in America; however, his name does not appear on the company subsistence rolls produced at the end of the war.

2. "The Calendar of N.Y. Colonial Manuscripts Indorsed Land Papers; in the Office of the Secretary of State of New York, 1643-1803" (Albany: 1864) lists all documents on the first series of "Land Papers" as they were rearranged in 1819. There is an index to the personal names and to land tract names or geographical locations at the back of the volume. The series consists of applications for grants of unappropriated land by letters patent from New York Colony and State.

Sources:
New York State Department of State Applications for Land Grants, 1643-1803. Series A0272, volume XVIII, p. 94. New York State Archives, Albany, New York.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2020.

John Robb, Glasgow City Quartermaster, 1757

An idyllic 18th-century countryside near Glasgow, Scotland, bathed in the warm glow of a setting sun. The foreground is dominated by a gently rolling field of golden wheat, the stalks swaying softly in the cool evening breeze. A solitary farmer, clad in traditional attire, is seen in the distance, guiding his horse-drawn plow towards the safety of the thatched-roof barn. The sky above is a canvas of deepening blues, with streaks of vibrant orange and pink that reflect upon the tranquil surface of a nearby loch. (Jeffrey Campbell, Countryside Scotland, 2024. Artist's rendition created with Perchance AI Image Generator)

John Robb, Glasgow City Quartermaster, 1757

29 June 1757

Petition of John Robb, quartermaster

There was a petition given in by John Robb, stationer in Glasgow and quartermaster of the said city, representing that for upwards of these eight months by past he had been put to a considerable trouble and expence by not only billeting the two battalions of Young Buffs when quartered in the city, the two battalions of Highland regiments, three other regiments passing through the city, besides transient military and recruits, which rendered him unable all that time to prosecute and follow further his own private business, he having been constantly employed in billeting the said soldiers both upon public and private houses, but also by paying two men for writing billets clossly, and for furnishing pens, paper, ink and wax extraordinary, besides employing a man for working his own private work, which he could have done himself had he not been so much fatigued in the foresaid billeting, which was nottour, and as the yearly salary for acting as quartermaster was but small in comparison of the great fatigue and expence he hath undergone as before mentioned, craving therefore the council would in respect thereof allow a reasonable gratification to him for the foresaid trouble over and above his present salary as they should think proper. Which petition being read in presence of and considered by the magistrates and council they ordained [the treasurer to pay the quartermaster £15 sterling] over and beside his present years salary.

Note: Glasgow City Quartermaster John Robb was responsible for billeting Colonels Montgomery and Fraser's 1st & 2nd Highland Highland Battalions in both public and private houses at Glasgow in the spring of 1757. Both were separately en route to Cork, Ireland for their departure to North America.

Source:
Renwick, Robert. Extracts from the Records of the Burgh of Glasgow: with Charters and Other Documents. Vol. VI, A.D. 1739-59. Scottish Burgh Records Society, 1911.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2019.

Land Petition in Behalf of Lieutenant John McTavish, 78th Regiment

A tranquil 18th century countryside near Schoharie Kill, New York, as the first light of dawn breaks over the horizon. The scene is bathed in a soft, golden hue as the sun rises behind distant rolling hills, casting long shadows across the verdant landscape. A winding stream path leads the eye to a picturesque farmstead, nestled among the emerald-green fields and flanked by stately trees dressed in the vibrant oranges and reds of early autumn foliage. (Jeffrey Campbell, Schoharie Kill, 2024. Artist's rendition created with Perchance AI Image Generator)

Land Petition in Behalf of Lieutenant John McTavish, 78th Regiment

To His Excellency, The Right Honble. John Earl of Dunmore Captain General & Governor in Chief in & over the Colony of New York and the Territorys thereon in America, Chancellor & Vice Admiral of the Same

The Petition of Simon McTavish in behalf of His Father John McTavish Lieut. in the late 78th Regiment Commanded by Colo. Simon Fraser.

Humbly Shewith that your Petitioners father served His Majesty in North America during the late War there as a Lieut. in the late 78th Regiment Commanded by the Honble. Colo. Simon Fraser, and as such is entitled (by His Majestys Royal Proclamation given at St. Jamess the 7th day of October 1763, in favour of reduced Officers & Soldiers of the Army) to a grant of the quantity of Two thousand acres of Land in some of His Majestys unapropriated Lands in North America.

That your petitioners father some time in the year 1766 prefer'd a petition to His late Excellency Sir Henry Moore Baronet for His Majestys letters Patent for the said lands, but nothing has ever been done as yet towards issuing such letters Patent.

That your petitioner has discovered a Tract of vacant Land lying in this Province in the County of Albany near a Settlement called Schoharry Kill, and East of the Schoharry Kill, or Creek, and South of the Schoharry Settlements. He therefore prays that your Excellency will be favourbly pleased to Issue a Warrant to survey the said Quantity of Two thousand acres, at that place above described; in order that His Majestys Letters Patent may be granted for the same to the said John McTavish, his Heirs & assigns, on such terms and Conditions, as other Lands are granted in this Province in like Circumstances; & your petitioner as in Duty bound shall ever pray ~

New York
February 2d. 1771
[signed]
Simon McTavish
28 : 45

Cover sheet:
To his Excellency, The Right Honble. John Earl of Dunmore &c.
The Petition of Simon McTavish for two thousand Acres of Land in the County of Albany~~

Presented Feby. 2d, 1771
1771 Feby. 8: Rec'd and referred to a Comm
1771 April 1st: Certificate wanting
1771 May 31: Rec'd in Council and granted [four words illegible]

28 : 45
No. 5

Notes:

1. "The Calendar of N.Y. Colonial Manuscripts Indorsed Land Papers; in the Office of the Secretary of State of New York, 1643-1803" (Albany: 1864) lists all documents on the first series of "Land Papers" as they were rearranged in 1819. There is an index to the personal names and to land tract names or geographical locations at the back of the volume. The series consists of applications for grants of unappropriated land by letters patent from New York Colony and State.

Sources:
New York State Department of State Applications for Land Grants, 1643-1803. Series A0272, volume XXVIII, p. 45. New York State Archives, Albany, New York.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2020.

Land Petition of Corporal Alexander Gray, 78th Regiment

A breathtaking 18th-century panorama from Crown Point, revealing the tranquil beauty of Lake Champlain at sunrise. The horizon is a canvas of soft, pastel hues, with the sun peeking over the distant Adirondack Mountains, casting a warm, golden light that reflects brilliantly on the lake's calm surface. The fortifications at Crown Point stand as stoic sentinels, a testament to the strategic importance of the area during the colonial period. (Jeffrey Campbell, Crown Point, 2024. Artist's rendition created with Perchance AI Image Generator)

Land Petition of Corporal Alexander Gray, 78th Regiment

To his Excellency William Tryon Esqr. governor of the Province of New York and the Territories depending thereon in America Captain General Vice Admiral and Chancellor of the same &c: &c: &c: in Council

The Petition of Alexander Gray Late Corporal of his Majestys 78th Regiment of Foot whereof the Honorable Colonel Simon Fraser was Colonel

Humbly Shewith your petitioner having apply'd to His Excellency Cadwaller Colden Esqr. Lieut. Governor for his Quantity of Land allowed to Non Commission'd officers and Private who Serv'd his Majesty during the Late War in America by his Majestys Royal proclamation of Octr. 3d 1763 his Excellency was pleas'd to order your Excellency's Petitioner to [illegible] to [illegible]: Coldin Esqr. purveyor general who told your Excellency's Petitioner that he knew of no Vacant Land at that time which occasions your Excellencys Petitioner to make this his Humble Request to your [illegible] Earnstly desiring of your Excellency on Council to grant to your Excellencys Petitioner his Quantity of Land which is 200 acres adjoining to Major Campbells Land on Lake Champlain and Nigh Crown Point as your Excellencys Petitioner is informed that their is Vacant Land there and hopes your Excellency will order the said grant to be given to your Excellencys Petitioner as soon as possible as your Excellencys Petitioner is but a poor man and having a family wants to Settle upon it as soon as possible if your Excellency should want a person who understands Farming your Excellencys Petitioner would be very glad to engage as he is thoroughly acquainted with that Branch of Business

May it please your Excellency to take the above consideration and do for your Excellencys Petitioner as [next three words illegible] to your Excellency and your Excellencys Petitioner is [illegible] in duty Bound to pray ~

New York
April 16th, 1771

Cover sheet:
The petition of Alexr. Gray Corpl. for 200 acres of Land Rec'd. 18th Septr. 1771. [initials] "W.G"
1771 Sepr. 18. Rec'd in Council
1771 Novr. 13th Rec'd again in Council and granted not interfering with any [next two words illegible]

28 : 148 [volume/page]

Notes:
1. Corporal Alexander Gray's name does not appear in the surviving muster rolls of 1763, indicating he most likely discharged beforehand.

2. "The Calendar of N.Y. Colonial Manuscripts Indorsed Land Papers; in the Office of the Secretary of State of New York, 1643-1803" (Albany: 1864) lists all documents on the first series of "Land Papers" as they were rearranged in 1819. There is an index to the personal names and to land tract names or geographical locations at the back of the volume. The series consists of applications for grants of unappropriated land by letters patent from New York Colony and State.

Sources:
New York State Department of State Applications for Land Grants, 1643-1803. Series A0272, volume XXVIII, p. 148. New York State Archives, Albany, New York.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2020.

Weekly Army Returns of Four Companies at Connecticut, 1757

A serene 18th-century view of the city of Norwalk, Connecticut, bathed in the soft, warm light of dusk. The cityscape is composed of quaint, colonial-style buildings with their wooden facades and shingled roofs, standing tall against the backdrop of the horizon, where a mellow orange sky meets the emerging twilight. The cobblestone streets are lined with gas lamps, flickering to life as the day gives way to evening. A gentle breeze rustles through the mature trees, their leaves casting dappled shadows on the ground. (Jeffrey Campbell, Norwalk, Connecticut, 2024. Artist's rendition created with Perchance AI Image Generator)

Weekly Army Returns of Four Companies at Connecticut, 1757

The army returns reported on the strength of each company or regiment, depending on reporting requirements, including total numbers of men present, absent, sick, or on extra daily duty, as well as giving a report of officers and some categories of enlisted men. They were a very useful and effective planning tool in eighteenth-century combat operations and are still in practical use throughout today's armed forces.

While garrisoned at Connecticut for 17 weeks, from 30 November 1757 to 30 March 1758, Colonel Fraser's Regiment was billeted in civilian homes across five towns, with the colonel and some of his officers occupying The Wetmore House, built by Reverend Izrahiah Wetmore, during his stay at Stratford.

Town expenses incurred for hosting the Regiment included house hire; hospital rent; supplying wood to the guardhouse; the making of some small cabins; and other incidentals such as candles, blankets, cider, and utensils. Approval for appropriations by the General Assembly occurred the following spring, in 1759. 

Stratford (head quarters):
Colonel Simon Fraser's Company; Captain Charles Baillie's Grenadier Company. 
Expenses: £472-5s-11d.

Fairfield: 
Major James Clephane's Company; Captain Simon Fraser's Company. 
Expenses: £491-15s-7d.

Norwalk: 
Major John Campbell's Company; Captain John Campbell's Company. 
Expenses: £487-5s-6d.

Milford: 
Captain John Macpherson's Company; Captain Donald McDonald's Company. 
Expenses: £491-10s-9d.

Stanford: 
Captain John McDonell's Company; Captain Thomas Fraser's Company. 
Expenses: £433-13s-11d.

Connecticut Army Returns: 

Captain John Macpherson; Captain Donald McDonald's Company

Cover sheet:

A Weekly Return of Capt. Macphersons & Capt. Donald McDonald Companys 

Milfort 12 Decemr. 1757. [NAS, GD125-22-17-00032].

A Weekly Return of Captain John Macpherson & Capt. Do. MacDonald Companys of the Honble. Coll. Fraser Highland Battalion. Milfort 12 Decemr. 1757. [NAS, GD125-22-17-00031].

Capt. Mcpherson's Company

Captains: Present: 1; Absent: 0

Lieuts.: Present: 2; Absent: 0

Ensigns: Present: 1; Absent: 0

Serjeants: Present: 4; Absent 0

Drummers: Present: 2; Absent: 0

Sick: In Quarters: 4; Hospital at Cork [Ireland]: 4; Hospital at Fairfield [Connecticut]: 3

In Rank & File: 98

Wanting to Compleat: 2

Supernumeraries: 8

Capt. Do. McDonald's Company

Captains: Present: 0; Absent: 1

Lieuts.: Present: 2; Absent: 0

Ensigns: Present: 1; Absent: 0

Serjeants: Present: 3; Absent 1

Drummers: Present: 2; Absent: 0

Sick: In Quarters: 5; Hospital at Cork [Ireland]: 1; Hospital at Fairfield [Connecticut]: 3

In Rank & File: 99

Wanting to Compleat: 1

Supernumeraries: 15

[signed] John Macpherson

Captain Charles Baillie's Company

Cover sheet:

Sir,

Inclosed are the Returns of Collos. Frasers Compy and mine, according to the note you sent by Doctor McLane; I beg your favour you would let me know if you had any further notice of our Marching from here; and in what manner the men are to be exercised; I beg you make my Compls. to your Gentlemen and I am your [very humble servant - abbreviated]. [NAS, GD125-22-17-00035].

[signed] Chars: Baillie

Return of the Present Strength of Captn. Baillies Companey of Granadiers Stratford December 14, 1757. [NAS, GD 12-remainder cropped off].

The Present Strength of the Companey:

Captn.: 1; Lieuts.: 2; Serjts.: 4; Drums: 2; Rank & File: 95

Supernumeraries present: 12

Women Victual with the Companey: 7

Lieut. Cuthbarts Servant belonging to Captn. Campbells Compy: 1

Alexr. McCertar Musishener: 1

Total:

Captns.: 1

Lieuts.: 2

Serjts.: 4

Drums: 2

Rank & File: 116

Sick in Ospitell [not included in the rank/file]

John Fraser

Doncom Comern

Allexr. Gray

[signed] Chars: Baillie Captn.

Notes: 

1. Ensigns not present 

2. Supernumeraries, women, servant, and musician were counted towards rank/file strength. 

3. While unconfirmed, the "musishener" may have been Alexander McEntyre or McArthur, the Company piper. By March 1761, pipers were no longer authorized to be carried on the Regiment's establishment by order of the King's Instructions dated 2 December 1760. [Amherst Papers: W.O. 34, vol. 4, p. 148].

Colonel Simon Fraser's Company

Return of the Present Strength of Colonel Fraser's Companey Stratford December 14th 1757. [NAS, GD125-22-17-00038].

The Present Strength of the Companey:

Captn.: 1; Lieuts.: 1; Ensigns: 1; Serjts.: 4; Drums: 3; Rank & File: 104

Supernumeraries present: 15

Women Victual: 6

Total:

Captns.: 1

Lieuts.: 1

Ensigns: 1

Serjts.: 4

Drums: 3

Rank & File: 125

[signed] Jn. Fraser Sjt.

Note: 

1. Supernumeraries and women were counted towards rank/file strength.
2. Colonel Fraser's piper may have counted as "drummer," but no firm evidence to corroborate. Typically two drummers per company were carried on the establishment.

It is said that it was Colonel Fraser's men who amused themselves at times in shooting at the old weathercock at the top of the Episcopal Church spire, piercing it several times. A letter from Captain Charles Baillie to Major Clephane might help explain away some of the jovial fracas among the troops. Baillie wrote to the major, at Fairfield: "Sir, enclosed are the returns of Colonel Fraser's Compy and mine, according to the note you sent by Doctor McLean, I beg the favour you would let me know if you had any further notice of our marching from here; and in what Manner the men are to be exercised..." [NAS, GD125-22-17-00035].

Source:
Wilcoxson, History of Stratford, Connecticut, 1639-1939.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2020.

Last updated 21 September 2021.

Colonel Fraser's Request for Levying Assistance, 1757

An ethereal 18th-century Scottish Highlands countryside at the break of dawn. The sun, a fiery orb of gold, is just peeking over the distant, craggy peaks, casting a warm glow that slowly unfurls across the undulating landscape. In the foreground, a solitary stone cottage, with a thatched roof and a wisp of smoke curling from its chimney, stands sentinel against the vibrant backdrop of purple heather and emerald-green rolling hills. A narrow dirt path, flanked by ancient standing stones, snakes its way through the tranquil scene, leading the viewer's eye to a shimmering loch in the mid-distance. (Jeffrey Campbell, Scottish Highlands, 2024. Artist's rendition created with Perchance AI Image Generator)

Colonel Fraser's Request for Levying Assistance, 1757

Letters from the Treasury Board concerning the raising of troops in the Scottish Highlands, and those estates fortified in 1747 as well as those relating to fortified estates that were annexed to the Crown in 1752 and managed by the Board of Commissioners for the Fortified Estates, at the request of Lieutenant-Colonel Simon Fraser and a copy letter to the factors ordering their assistance.

Commissioners Office for the Annexed Estates

Edinr. 7th January 1757

Sir,

By a minute of the Board of this date I am ordered to acquaint you; That His Majesty having directed a Body of Forces to be raised in the Highlands of Scotland; And Application having been made by Lieut Colonel Fraser To The Lords Commissioners of his Majestys Treasury, That the Factors & other officers upon the Annexed Estates might have orders from this Board, for each of them to give their utmost aid & assistance to the military officers who shall be employed in raising the said Troops. The Commissioners therefore, In pursuance of Instructions from the Lords of the Treasury for that effect, Have ordered that you do give your utmost aid and assistance towards the raising of the said troops; But that this is not to be understood to Supercede the orders you formerly had from this board for giving your Assistance in Levying the Quotas to be furnished by each County for Compleating the additional Battalions.

I am 

Sir

your most Humble Servt.

Cover sheet:

Copy Letter to the 

Factors on the Annexed Estates

Directing them to give their

assistance for raising the Highland Battalions

Letter of Samuel Martin

My Lords and Gentlemen,

His Majesty having directed a Body of Forces to be raised in the Highlands of Scotland; And application having been made by Lieutenant Colonel Fraser, to the Lords Commissioners of his Majesty's Treasury that the Factors and other officers on the Annexed Estates under your management may have directions for each of them to give their utmost aid and assistance to the Military Officers who shall be employed in raising the said Troops; And My Lords thinking the same may be for his Majesty's Service, They desire you will imediately transmit to your officers the necessary orders for that purpose.  I am

My Lords and Gentlemen

your most obedient Servt.

Saml: Martin

Treasury Chambers

26 January 1757

Cover sheet:

Letter from the Treasury

To The Commissioners for

managing the Annexed Estates

in Scotland.

26th Janry. 1757

Letter from the Treasury directing orders to be given for assisting Lieut Coll. Fraser in Levying Forces for his Majesty on the Annexed Estates.

Read 7th Febry. 1757.

Members of the Board for the Fortified Annexed Estates

Year of Appointment: 1755

Commissioners

Archibald, 3rd Duke of Argyll, 1682-1761.

John Hay, 4th Marquis of Tweedale, 1695-1762.

James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton, c.1702-1768.

James Olgivie, 5th Earl of Findlaster and 2nd Earl of Seafield, c.1689-1764.

Hugh Hume, 3rd Earl of Marchmont, 1708-1781.

John Hope, 2nd Earl of Hopetoun, 1704-1781.

James Olgivie, Lord Deskford, 1714?-1770.

Charles Shaw, 9th Lord Cathcart, 1721-1776.

James, 12th Lord Somerville, 1697/8-1765.

Charles Hope Weir of Craigiehall, 1710-1791.

Andrew Fletcher, Lord Milton, 1692-1766.

Edward Edlin, d.1760.

John Maule of Inverkeillor, 1706-1781.

William Grant, Lord Prestongrange, 1701-1764.

Robert Dundas of Arniston, 1713-1787.

James Oswald of Dunnikier, 1715-1769.

Andrew Mitchell of Thainston, 1708-1771.

Gilbert Elliot of Minto, 1722-1777.

William Alexander, 1690-1761.

George Drummond, 1687-1766.

Lieutenant-Colonel David Watson, c.1713-1761.

Mansfeldt Cardonnel, 1697-1780.

Alexander Le Grand, 1682-1766.

Joseph Tudor, d.1774.

Sources:

"Commissioners for the Annexed Estates: Miscellaneous Letters." 1757-1782. NRS, E727/61.

Smith, Annette M. The Fortified Estate Papers, 1745: a study of the work of the Commissioners for the Fortified Annexed Estates, 1755-1784, with particular reference to their contribution to the development of communications in Scotland in the eighteenth century. Thesis, PhD, University of St. Andrews, Scotland. 1975. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2923. [Accessed 13 August 2019].

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2020. 

Four Soldiers Named William Ross

An idyllic 18th-century countryside in Quebec, Canada, as the first light of dawn breaks over the horizon. The sun, a warm orb of burnt gold, rises above the distant Laurentian Mountains, casting a soft glow across the rolling hills and valleys that stretch as far as the eye can see. A serene river, reflecting the fiery hues of the early morning sky, snakes through the landscape, flanked by a tapestry of autumnal foliage. (Jeffrey Campbell, Quebec Countryside, 2024. Artist's rendition created with Perchance AI Image Generator)

Four Soldiers Named William Ross

Of the original 1600 soldiers that served with Colonel Fraser during the Seven Years' War in North America, we have identified birth locales for about 250 of the nearly 900 men that officially discharged from the Regiment in the fall of 1763. William Ross was a common name found among the troops, and four men from the Regiment found on the surviving muster rolls at the conclusion of the war shared that same name. Albeit there is a limited amount of surviving paperwork available for the soldiers, the birthplace of Corporal William Ross has been positively identified. Further known details and the post-war disposition of each of these soldiers bearing the same name are as follows.

Corporal William Ross
Discharged from Captain John Nairn's Company on 23 August 1763, he was part of a larger group of 170 soldiers that discharged from the regiment at the conclusion of the war and remained in Canada. He had follow-on service and bore arms in the late rebellion and was wounded in 1779 in Nova Scotia on an expedition with Lord Harvey. He had a wife by the name of Mary, and six sons, to wit: Alexander, William, John, Donald, Hector, and Lauchlan. He and his family settled in the Parish of Rimouskie, he was a merchant by trade, and was originally from the city of Tane [sic, Tain], in the shire of Ross, North Britain (Scotland). [LAC, Lower Canada Land Papers, RG1 L3, vol. 157].

Note: An article published in 2005 by Alain Ross suggests the following regarding the ancestry of Corporal Ross: William Ross was born in Scotland at Tain, in the township of Geanies, located in Ross County, six miles from Eastern Fern, on the strait of Dornoch in the northeast corner of Scotland. William was the son of Alexander Ross and Helen Bayne (Baine) from Tulloch. [Je Me Souviens, A Publication of the American-French Genealogical Society, Volume 28, Number 1, Spring 2005].

Private William Ross
Discharged from the 78th Regiment in August of 1763, he re-entered service that same month with the 2d Bn, 60th Regiment of Foot, where he continued to provide guard over Quebec for a number of years.  He is located on the following muster roll with the 60th Regiment.

Captain Samuel Holland's Company

Reporting at Fort William Augustus, 25 July 1765 

His disposition beyond 1765 remains unknown. [TNA, W.O. 12/6935].

Private William Ross
Discharged from the 78th Regiment in August of 1763, he reentered service that same month with the 15th Regiment of Foot, where he continued to provide guard over Quebec for a number of years.  He is located on the following muster rolls with the 15th Regiment.

Captain James Cuthbert's Company:

Reporting at Quebec, 24 October 1763

Reporting at Quebec, 24 August 1764

Captain Andrew Cathcart's Company:

Reporting at La Prairie, 8 August 1765

Reporting at St. John's, 9 October 1766

Reporting at Quebec, 18 July 1767

As the 15th Regiment returned to England in August 1768, his disposition beyond 1767 remains unknown. [LAC, W.O. 12, vol. 3228; film C-9202].

Private William Ross
Returned home to Scotland at the conclusion of the war in the fall of 1763, and his further disposition is currently unknown.

It's worth mentioning, as with all Colonel Fraser's soldiers, considering less than 900 men of the original regiment remained at the conclusion of the war, we must be observant of the other approximately 700 men who share the same names. There is a distinct possibility other William Ross' were once present at some point during the conflict.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2020.

Searching for a Commission

The majestic silhouette of an 18th-century European castle standing tall against a fiery backdrop of an 18th-century sunset in Ireland. The castle's ancient stones, kissed by the warm glow of the sinking sun, are bathed in a rich tapestry of oranges and reds, which contrast sharply with the deep blue of the early evening sky. The sky above is scattered with feathery clouds that have caught the light and turned a vibrant shade of pink. The castle's towers and battlements cast long, dramatic shadows over the meticulously manicured lawns that stretch out before it, creating an atmosphere of both grandeur and quiet solitude. (Jeffrey Campbell, European Castle, 2024. Artist's rendition created with Perchance AI Image Generator)

Searching for a Commission

Writing from Dublin Castle to Sir Robert Wilmot, Thomas Waite, who served as Under-Secretary to the Chief-Secretary of Ireland between 1747-1777, informs him that he has been visited by a gentleman named Archibald Campbell, purportedly an ensign in the First (or Royal) Regiment of Foot, 2d Battalion Am. It emerged that Hon. Henry Seymour Conway had promoted Campbell to become a lieutenant in Colonel Fraser's Highland Regiment, but that either his place was still awaiting him or else it had been filled by fraud. Campbell had been permitted to go to Scotland and find out the circumstances.

Dublin Castle 9th April 1757

Dear Sir,

This evening a young gentleman, who call'd himself Archibald Campbell, call'd upon me for a commission, which he said, he was inform'd, had been signed in Sept. last appointing him Ensign in the Royal: and he told me, that he was a Brother of Kilberry Campbell who is related to Lady Aylesbury, & had been recommended for that commission by General Conway. In answer hereto I acquainted him, that if he really was the person for whom the commission of that Date [?] was intended, He would find it in the possession of a gentleman of the same name, who was now doing duty with the 2d [Highland] Battalion at this date and ready to embark with it for America: But that according to accounts which I had received from the 2d Battalion of the Royal, the Archibald Campbel [sic] who was appointed on the 21st Sept., had been promoted to a Lieutenancy in Lt. Col. Fraser's Highland Battalion before he could get hither to take out his first commission; and I related to him what I had heard from young Paterson [?] thereupon. The Result of the whole was, that he would immediately repair to Lt. Col. Fraser's Battalion, & enquire if any one of the name Arc. Campbell had taken possession of the commission of Lieutenant, & if not, that he would put in his claim to it, But if he found it occupied, he said he would repair to London & lay his case before General Conway.

I am Dear Sir

Yours most sincerely

[signed] Thos. Waite

This letter suggests two men, both named Archibald Campbell, were unknowingly competing for a single commission in the First (Royal) Regiment of Foot. Archibald Campbell, brother to Kilberry, appears to have been taking out his first commission, while history has shown that Archibald Campbell, son of Glen Lyon, (commissioned 23 January 1757 in Colonel Fraser's Second Highland Battalion) ultimately received the nod and completed a successful military career. The final disposition of the former Campbell is not known.

Source:

Waite, T. "Waite, Dublin Castle, to Wilmot. Has." 9 April 1757. Dublin, Ireland. PRONI, T3019/3146.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2020.

Bon Voyage: Libera nos Domine!

The ancient city of Cork, Ireland, emerging from the tender embrace of dawn during the 18th century. The sun, a fiery globe of burgeoning light, peeks over the distant horizon, casting a soft golden hue across the cobblestone streets and historic buildings. The cityscape is a tapestry of red-brick structures, with their tall, narrow windows and pointed roofs, many adorned with ivy that seems to have frozen in the early morning light. The iconic St. Fin Barre's Cathedral, with its intricate Gothic architecture, stands tall as a sentinel in the background, its spires reaching for the heavens. (Jeffrey Campbell, Cork, Ireland, 2024. Artist's rendition created with Perchance AI Image Generator)

Bon Voyage: Libera nos Domine!

Colonel Simon Fraser, writing to his closest Inverness confidante and dear friend, Baillie James Fraser; completing the letter 25 December 1757, from New York.

My Dear Sir,

     After a halt of Five Days at Cork to recover the fatigues of a march of 400 miles the Battalion Embark'd consisting of 1000 fine fellows besides the 170 Supernumerarys being 40 more than the Secretary at War desired me to bring, those 40 men were intended to answer any deficiency that might arise by death or Desertion, but I did not lose a man by either from the day we left Glasgow and but 7 before. We had even the good luck to seize two Deserters from Montgomery's in the March thro' Ireland. And here I cant help mentioning that in the whole of this March, Man and Woman gave us the preference over the other Battalion even beyond comparison, particularly at Dublin; I shoud not have mentioned this but that I know that pains has been taken to give merit to the other Battalion.

     My conduct towards them has been of that honourable kind which a conscious advantage makes it easy to hold, but what I tell you is so sure that you may aver it. Being obliged to leave about 17 men sick at Cork you will not blame my attachment to them in leaving directions to have them sent after us at my private expense, in case the publick shoud grudge it, and think of incorporating them to other Regiments to save expence.

     As I think no voyage can be agreeable, I must only say of ours that it was as tolerable as any for without it being tedious we have extremely fine weather which gave us opportunity of changing the scene a little by visiting from ship to ship; In one of these excursions I surprised a fine Turtle and had him in the boat before he was well awake. In short the last day of eight very ill spent weeks we anchored in Halifax harbour leaving in the whole 17 men sick.

     We remained 7 days aboard while the General deliberated about out destination, at length we were ordered to disembark and to encamp a quarter of a mile out of Town where the Second Battalion of the Royal was already encamped. In this Camp in less than a fortnight the 2 Field Officers 6 Captains seventeen subalterns and above 300 men were down with the Flux whither occasioned by the sudden encamping after so long a March and voyage, or by the climate I cannot say: most of the Officers are now recovered, but I have lost 20 men and there are about 200 still ill. As you have heard so much about this place I must endeavour to describe it to you, but remember whatever I attempt of this kind is upon condition that you do not expect descriptive precision from so rambling a pen as mine.

     Halifax extends itself about a mile in length along the declivity of a rising ground, and about a quarter of a mile in breadth from the sea to the height of a rising ground, the streets run parallel the length of the town, houses are of wood and in general but indifferent tho' the Church the Governor's house and some of the publick offices are neat enough buildings. Towards the sea there are large batteries of 24 pounders, one of the same weight of metal on the opposite shore, and several on a small Island about half way between the two shores, which is so happily situated as to form already the chief security of the Harbour and might at little expense be made of much greater consequence. Towards the Land the Town is surrounded with a line of picquets or tall strong palisades and along this line at certain distances there are five stockaded Forts. When I say it is necessary to observe to you that a stockaded Fort is nothing more than such picquets as I have just mentioned stuck into the ground so as to form the Figure of a Fort of course there is no wall to mount artillery upon so that a few swivel gunns [are] stuck here on a angle. Picquet is all the artillery of Halifax toward the land. There cannot be a more advantageous spot that the rising ground above the Town, it commands the Town and the whole extent of the line round it. Without being fully commanded by any ground within reach, and uncommon circumstance in this country & withal includes so proper an extent of ground as would neither require a very great expense to Fortify not a very great garrison to defend. This place has another great natural advantage from its being situated in a small peninsula the Isthmus of which is not above a mile across and might with little expense be made a very strong pass.

     The country round the Town affords as Disagreeable a prospect to an English eye as any part of old Scotland. There is little more than a mile even along the shore clear'd and above half a mile in breadth into the Country, the rest is impenetrable wood, the worst kind even of American, the closets; the fulest of rough underwood & swamps or morasses, in short it gave me a better idea than ever I had chaos. On the opposite shore where the battery I mentioned is raised there is only about a mile in circumference cleard opposite to the Western end of Halifax at a place called Dartmouth, there are on this ground a good number of houses which have been deserted for some time the Indians having on one or two occasions broke in and scalped several of the inhabitants. After what I have said you will not be sorry to hear that since I began my letter I have received orders to embark in three days for New York. Congratulate me on being in the middle of the army, and of course in the way of the first of next year's operations, perhaps of something this winter tho you must allow if we were dispos'd to desire it we are entitled to some rest for by the time we reach New York, out of seven months three will have been employed in voyaging and two in Marching. . . . .  American news are stale now, besides what this year affords may as well be pass'd over, pray what you will in Brittain of your Louisbourg Expedition being given up and of the surrender of Fort William Henry? If you should be so impertinent as to say our sailors were too nice calculators of pounds and ounces to find out a superiority in the French, fled when the number of line of Battle ships were equal of that Fort William Henry might have held out longer or might have been relieved, we will in return throw all upon you by saying if you had sent the Fleet out sooner there woud have been no room for calculation of Metal, or if you had sent a sufficient Land force My Lord Loudoun woud not have been put to the necessity of Draining the continent & exposing its Frontier in order to form any army for the Expedition.

     I got this far at Halifax, I now write from New York 25th December having got here about eight days ago, after the most tedious and disagreeable voyage that has been known, in the course of which we had six very hard gales that your fresh water sailors woud call storms. In one of these we were all separated, one ship drove upon the Nantucket Shoal, another lost her Masts, a third her sails, and we who got off as well as any you may believe were not entirely at our ease during 36 hours that we drove with our helm lash'd under a balance mizen, however we thank God we have all got in one after another without any material loss, but from the Atlantic Ocean in the Month of November Libera nos Domine.

     We dont after all remain here this winter but go to Cantonments in Connecticut from 40 to 90 miles from hence among a set of Cromwelians imported about the year 1640. . . . . . I wish you woud send me 2 hogshead of your best vintage to the care of Mr Hugh Wallace at New York to Mr Abthorp & Compy at Boston. Farewell my Dr Alderman Remember me most affectionately to the wifie and to all my friends & if you dont write me often may you be 7 years longer a getting to heaven.

In all times & places yrs

S. Fraser

Source:
MacDonald, Archibald, Rev. The Old Lords of Lovat and Beaufort. Inverness, 1943, p. 135-7.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2020. 

Petitions of Lieutenant John Fraser, 78th Regiment

Petition of John Fraser, tenant in Easter Bunchegavie, and John Fraser, his eldest son, joint possessors of said farm. The Petitioner, now in his 76^th year, has possessed the lands on a Tack of the late Lord Lovat for a yearly rent of £5, 17s, 11d. for 46 years, and continued loyal to his sovereign notwithstanding the temptation he was under of joining in the rebellion of 1745. John, the son, had served seven years in his Majesty’s 78^th Regt. of Foot, Simon Fraser, Colonel, when, on account of the Regiment being reduced, he obtained his discharge, which is enclosed, of date at Glasgow 14 Decr. 1763. Also a certificate in favour of the old man John, from the Kirk session of Boleskin. Fear that they were to be dispossessed to let in Donald Fraser in Easter Borlum, brother-in-law of Mr. Fraser of Gortuleg, had brought them to Edinr. At that severe season to lay their case before the Board. Read Feb. 1769.

Petition of Lieut. John Fraser, late of the 78^th Regt., praying to be put in possession of Bunchegavie and for a lease. William Fraser of Belloan is dead, and is succeeded by his brother Donald, late in Borlum, whom the Board ordered formerly to be put in possession of Bunchegavie. The Petitioner is a nephew of Donald, who is willing to cede possession of the farm to the Lieut. Read 26 June 1769

Petition of Lieut. John Fraser, late of Col. Fraser’s Regt. Late Wm. Fraser of Balloan, was the Petitioner’s uncle, relative to a competition as to parties who should get possession of a farm. Read 3 July 1769, - Memorial for Elizabeth Fraser, widow of deceased Wm. Fraser of Balloan, and others, read 3 July 1769. Memorial of Lieut. Alexr. Fraser of Col. Fraser’s Regt. who was preferred to the farm (Ruthven). Read 3 July 1769.

Source:

Millar, A. H. A Selection of Scottish Fortified Estate Papers, 1715; 1745. Edinburgh, Scottish Historical Society, 1909, p. 130; 142. Print.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 2019.