Recruitment

Introduction

Recruiting the Second Highland Battalion: Origins of the 78th Fraser Highlanders

In the spring of 1757, the Scottish Highlands became a competitive recruiting ground for British military authorities. The effort to raise multiple Highland regiments—including the soon-to-be 78th Fraser’s Highlanders—made recruiting a high-stakes endeavor across the region. With war spreading across Europe and North America, the British Army looked to the Highlands for seasoned fighters, but the land had already been stripped of able-bodied men. What remained was a landscape of hardship, with families strained by rent hikes, failed harvests, and the lingering effects of the 1745 Jacobite rising.

The sum itself—three pounds sterling per man—was not insignificant. For many Highlanders, especially those living in the economically fragile aftermath of the Jacobite rising, such an offer could represent several months’ worth of livelihood. Levy money functioned both as a personal incentive and a broader tool of statecraft: a means of recruiting Highland men into imperial service while soothing the wounds of rebellion with coin rather than punishment.

In the case of Fraser’s Regiment, recruiting efforts benefited from clan networks already familiar with Simon Fraser of Lovat’s leadership. The process helped the British Army frame Highland enlistment as voluntary, even aspirational. While some recruits may have been drawn by loyalty, patriotism, or the promise of adventure, many others responded to the more tangible appeal of hard currency paid upfront. For the Crown, the expense was justified. The Highland battalions brought not only combat prowess but also a symbolic unity between former rebels and their former enemies. In effect, recruiting transformed political risk into military utility—one soldier at a time.

Recruiting

One of the most common questions we receive from genealogists is this: Where can I find a roster of soldiers recruited in Scotland who served with Fraser’s Highlanders (originally known as the 2nd Highland Battalion) during the Seven Years’ War, 1757–1763?

To be upfront, identifying your ancestor as a soldier in the regiment is challenging—but not impossible. Officer biographies are more commonly preserved and often contain genealogical details we can connect with. In contrast, records for non-commissioned officers and enlisted men—serjeants, corporals, and privates—are much scarcer. As a result, we often need to dig deeper and consult a wider range of documents to uncover meaningful clues.

In our own family’s case, the breakthrough came with Alexander William Campbell (spouse of Marie Josephte Chartier). The key piece of evidence was a notarized bill of sale filed by William in Saint Vallier, Quebec, in 1793—more than 30 years after the war had ended. Tucked inside this 1761 document was an official endorsement from Major Jacques [James] Abercrombie of the 78th Regiment. For more than a century, researchers had speculated that Campbell had served as a private in the regiment, based solely on oral family history. It wasn’t until early 2017 that we finally uncovered definitive proof—buried in old notarial records now held at Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec.

This example highlights why it’s so important to look beyond standard military or regimental archives when searching for ancestral connections. It also emphasizes the value of patient, thorough research—especially when tracing ancestors who may have been recruited in Scotland and later settled in Canada following the disbandment of the 78th Regiment in 1763.

A Word of Caution

There is some evidence suggesting that a very small number of North American recruits may have been added to the regiment as losses mounted during the war. However, these instances were likely minimal. That’s why careful research and due diligence are essential—especially when determining whether your ancestor was of Scottish or American origin.

Finally, it’s worth noting that we’ve compiled a list of approximately 370 original soldiers from Colonel Fraser’s Second Highland Battalion, including several civilian recruiters. Where possible, we’ve documented their birthplaces and likely recruiting locations based on surviving records. If you have questions or are researching a possible connection, we’re always happy to help—please feel free to reach out.

Enlistment Requirements

Specific requirements for enlistment were laid out by the British Government in the official Recruiting Act, 1756-57 as follows:

Provided always, that no person shall be inlisted by the said Commissioners by virtue of the Act, who is not such Able-bodied Man as is fit to serve his Majesty, and is free from Ruptures and every other Distemper, or bodily Weakness or Infirmity, which may render him unfit to perform the Duty of a Soldier;

and that no Man be inlisted for his Majesty’s Service by virtue of this Act, who shall appear in the Opinion of the Commissioners, or Officer or Officers appointed to receive the impressed Men, to be under the Age of Seventeen years, or above the Age of forty five years, or a known Papist, or who shall be under the Size of five feet four inches without Shoes.

While no evidence has been found suggesting that Scottish Highlanders were required to declare their religious affiliation upon enlistment, there is documentation supporting the use of religious certificates among some British and Irish troops during the same period.

Colonel Fraser’s Regiment operated under a “raise for rank” system—meaning that officers could only secure their commissions by successfully recruiting a set number of men. As a result, each officer was expected to contribute to the regimental goal of raising 100 able-bodied men per company, using whatever legal and practical means were available to them.

Colonel Fraser's Instructions to Major Clephane

Recruiting instructions provided to Major James Clephane, the colonel's second-in-command, read as follows:

COLONEL SIMON FRASER TO MAJOR JAMES CLEPHANE

You are hearby directed by virtue of a Beating Order herewith transmitted to you, to raise One Hundred able bodied Men, with the Assistance of the three Officers appointed to your Company. You are to take Men of any Size who are fit for Service and of any Age from Eighteen to Forty.

When you have Twenty Men or upwards raised for your Company you are directed to send them to either Inverness, Maryburgh, Dunkeld, or other hidden Lores or Distempers; You are to report once a Week to Colonel Fraser or the Commanding Officer of Inverness what success you and your Officers have in the recruiting Service.

You are to give the Subaltern Officers appointed to your Company what money you think proper to carry on the Service; and you are to be accountable to the Regiment for the different sums which will be drawn for upon account of your Company when it is completed for each man sent and approved of at head Quarters. You shall receive three pounds sterling with parss from the date of his attestation."

Given At London the 13th of January 1757

[signed] Simon Fraser

This letter reflects the practical demands placed on officers under the "raise for rank" system, where commissions were tied directly to recruiting performance. While Major Clephane received these instructions in his role as second-in-command, it is almost certain that each of the ten company commanders received similar—if not identical—orders. Every officer in the regiment was expected to raise approximately 100 able-bodied men, often relying on subaltern officers, personal networks, and hired recruiters to meet their quotas. In this context, recruiting was not just a logistical duty but a direct path to career advancement, and it placed immense pressure on officers to deliver results in a highly competitive environment.

Enlistment Contracts

Among the papers of Major James Clephane, housed at the National Records of Scotland in Edinburgh, are two original enlistment contracts. While the handwriting differs between the documents, the text itself remains consistent. Each form includes four blank fields used to record the recruit’s name, parish and county of birth, and age.

These do certify that [ ] Born in the Parish of [ ] County of [ ] Aged [ ] Years came before me and declar'd that he had Voluntarly and of his own free will enlisted himself to serve his Majesty King George as a Soldier in Major James Clephane's Company of Lieut Colonel Fraser's Second Battalion of Highlanders: that he had received the enlisting Money agreed on, and had no impediment to Render him unfit for the Service. Accordingly, he had the Articles of War Read to him, and took the Oath to Majesty as by Law directed.

Interestingly Betty Clephane, the major's sister and wife of the chief of clan Rose, who was instrumental in the recruiting process, explained in a letter written to her other sibling Doctor John Clephane the filling out of attestation papers for the new recruits. Speaking about her husband she wrote:

"...I see Mr. Rose writes you that he has left me his peaper [sic, paper] to fill, but least I shoud [sic] have subject for more than he gives..." And in a separate letter, she mentions her daughter Betty, who is also contributing to the cause. "...For I declare we work wonders Mr. Roses Brother Lewis is our first clerk: and my babes is not idle [...] brings in Recruits and Betty is a writer of atestations [sic]." [NRS, GD125/22/2/00063-66 & GD125/22/2/00054-57].

Clearly, this was an 'all hands on deck' approach by the major, with the assistance of his family and friends throughout the recruiting process, as the regiment was on a stringent timeline to set sail for North America.

Recruits at Dundee in Major Clephane's Company

If your ancestor was recruited to the company commanded by Major Clephane, who hired a crimp (professional recruiter) named John Strachan to recruit near Dundee, Scotland, some of these papers have been preserved and show the names of recruits, age, birthplace, occupation.

1. Alexander Bell, 19 years, 5'3" enlisted in Dundee 18 February 1757, born in Kirriemuir, Angus, a laborer, fresh complexion, brown hair, hazel eyes, round visage.

2. Alexander Findlay, 17 years, 5'3" enlisted in Dundee 19 February 1757, born in Monifieth, Angus, a laborer, swarthy complexion, black eyes, black hair, round visage.

3. Peter Moody, 17 years, 5'1" enlisted in Dundee 20 February 1757, born in Glamis, Angus, a laborer, fresh complexion, black hair, hazel eyes, long visage.

4. William McKenzie, 17 years, 5'2", enlisted in Dundee 20 February 1757, born in Kingoldrum, Angus, a weaver, fresh complexion, brown hair, grey eyes, long visage.

5. William Fife, 18 years, 5'2" enlisted in Dundee 21 February 1757, born in Kirriemuir, Angus, a weaver, fresh complexion, brown hair, hazel eyes, long visage.

6. George Wright, 21 years, 5'5" enlisted in Forfar 24 February 1757, born in Ruthven, Angus, a laborer, florid complexion, brown hair, hazel eyes, round visage.

7. David Morris, 24 years, 5'3" enlisted in Perth 4 March 1757, born in Drone, Perth, a laborer, fresh complexion, brown hair, grey eyes, long visage.

8. Peter Robb, 17 years, 5'3", enlisted in Careston 8 March 1757, born in Glamis, Angus, a laborer, fresh complexion, black hair, hazel eyes, long visage.

9. Angus Laird, 17 years, 5'3", enlisted in Dundee 10 March 1757, born in Clunie, Perth, a laborer, fresh complexion, brown hair, grey eyes, long visage.

10. John Molyson, 18 years, 5'4", enlisted in Dundee 15 March 1757, born in Fethers, Mearns, a laborer, pale complexion, brown hair, grey eyes, long visage.

11. George Gordon, ........, 5'2", enlisted in Dundee 17 March 1757, born in Kintore, Aberdeen, a laborer, pale complexion, flaxen hair, .........

Note: A recruit named David Ross (not listed) was discharged at Dundee on 1 March 1757 for "having fitts." Unfortunately, there are no further details available for this soldier.

Final Thoughts on Recruiting the 78th Fraser’s Highlanders

The recruiting of the 78th Fraser’s Highlanders in 1757 was far more than a matter of filling military ranks—it was a complex, deeply human process shaped by urgency, economic hardship, family networks, and the ambitions of officers striving to earn their commissions. From official enlistment orders and handwritten attestation papers to civilian involvement and localized efforts across the Highlands, each layer of the recruiting campaign tells a story that blends personal sacrifice with imperial purpose.

For genealogists and historians alike, tracing a connection to the 78th Regiment requires patience, creativity, and an understanding that traditional military records may only tell part of the story. The scattered but surviving documentation—like Major Clephane’s enlistment papers or later-discovered financial accounts from Captain John Campbell—offer rare glimpses into how this regiment came into being.

Whether your ancestor joined through a beating order, was recruited by a hired crimp in Dundee, or left behind a notarial trace in Canada decades later, the recruiting story of the 78th Fraser’s Highlanders recruiting effort remains a remarkable chapter in Highland military history—and one worth revisiting with care.

The United Kingdom war documents are primarily kept at the National Archives in London; however, very few original recruiting records for Colonel Fraser's Regiment are in existence. The National Archives has acquired transcript extract of warrants relating to the formation of the 2nd Highland Battalion in 1757, and this material is available on microfilm reel C-10866. 

Additionally, the National Army Museum may be able to provide information about obtaining records, if available.

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Works Consulted

• Clephane, James. Size Roll of Clephane’s Recruits. 1757. Elizabeth Rose Family Papers, GD125/22/16(15), National Records of Scotland, Edinburgh.
• Clephane, James. Second Highland Battalion Enlistment Contract, 1757. GD125/22/16/14/1, National Records of Scotland, Edinburgh.
• Fraser, Simon. Letter to Major James Clephane, 13 Jan. 1757. Papers of the Rose Family of Kilravock, GD125/22/16/6, National Records of Scotland, Edinburgh.
• Fraser, Marie. Fraser’s Highlanders (the 78th), 1763. Clan Fraser Society, 2001, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
• Library and Archives Canada. Quebec Notarial Records: William Campbell’s Bill of Sale. Fonds Cour Supérieure, District judiciaire de Montmagny, Cote CN302, Greffes de notaires, 1709–1953, Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, Montréal.
• National Archives (UK). War Office Records and Recruiting Warrants, 1757. Microfilm reel C-10866, The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, Surrey.
• National Army Museum (UK). British Army Recruitment and Enlistment Practices.
• Strachan, John. Descriptive Roll of Men Raised for Clephane at Dundee. 1757. GD125/22/16/18, National Records of Scotland, Edinburgh.
• United Kingdom. Recruiting Act, 1756–57. 30 Geo. 2, cap. 8, 1757.
• Wilmot, John Eardley. Letter from William Congreve to Wilmot. 10 Mar. 1757. PRO Ireland, T3019/3122.

North American Land Petitions From the Seven Years' War

North American Land Petitions from the Seven Years' War

During and after the Seven Years’ War, hundreds of discharged soldiers and civilians filed land petition requests in North America through a Crown-sanctioned petition process. These documents—land petitions, allotments, and final grants known as Letters Patent—offer invaluable insight into settlement patterns, military demobilization, and the early administrative history of British Canada and New York.

Among the most historically rich and genealogically significant petitions are those submitted by veterans of the 78th Fraser’s Highlanders. These soldiers, many of whom had served with distinction during the campaigns at Louisbourg and Quebec, transitioned from military life to frontier settlement—often acquiring land that would define family legacies for generations.

Understanding the Three-Step Land Petition Process

The British land distribution system after 1763 followed a structured, three-stage process:

 

1. Land Petitions

Following the Treaty of Paris (1763), Britain instituted a new land policy in its recently acquired Canadian territories. Individuals, particularly discharged military personnel and loyal civilians, could submit formal petitions to the colonial governor requesting Crown land. These petitions often listed prior military service, regiment, rank, and intended settlement location.

 

2. Land Allotments

Once a petition was approved, the individual was provisionally allotted land. However, full ownership was conditional. Settlers were required to clear portions of land, construct dwellings, and establish productive farms. This ensured actual colonization rather than speculative landholding. For the Crown, successful settlement meant fortified borders and economic growth.

 

3. Letters Patent (Final Land Grants)

After meeting the required conditions, the settler would be issued a Letter Patent. This formal legal document was the final step confirming full title to the land. A two-volume register of such grants—List of Lands Granted by the Crown in the Province of Quebec from 1763 to 1890—remains a vital reference for researchers today.

Military Land Entitlements After the Seven Years’ War

British authorities defined specific land entitlements for former soldiers to reward their service and encourage orderly settlement. These ranged from 5,000 acres for staff officers to 50 acres for private soldiers. These guidelines were foundational in forming early township maps in Quebec and parts of New York.

Land Entitlement by Rank:

 

Staff Officers: 5,000 acres

Captains: 3,000 acres

Subalterns: 2,000 acres

Non-commissioned Officers: 200 acres

Private Soldiers: 50 acres

78th Regiment Petitions in Quebec (1762–1765)

Multiple petitions from 1762 through the late 1760s provide rich documentation of land applications by members of the 78th Regiment, including many whose names appear in Muster Rolls of the Old 78th Fraser Highlanders. 

For instance:

 

Capt. John Nairn and Lt. Malcolm Fraser were granted the seigniories of Malbaie and Mount Murray in 1762 (Bouchette).

 

On 15 March 1765, twelve serjeants—ten of whom served in the 78th—petitioned for land, including Alexander Ferguson, Lachlan Smith, and James Sinclair. "The Petition of Alexander Simpson and John McLone late Serjeants in the 2nd Battalion of the 60th Regiment, James Thompson, Hugh Tulloch, William Gunn, James McDonell, John Fraser, James Sinclair, Alexander Ferguson, Alexander Lieth, Lachlan Smith and Donald Fraser late Serjeants in the 78th Regiment."

 

A 14 May 1765 petition by Malcolm Fraser, a serjeant, explicitly references a linkage to earlier petitions.

 

A 19 May 1765 petition listed 23 soldiers by name, many of whom also appear on regimental discharge rolls. "The Petition of Donald McKenivan, late Corporal, James Campbell, Edward Davidson, Thomas Davidson, George McAdam, Donald Clark, John Grant, Alex`r Cormac, John Chisolm, Alexander McDonald, Ranald McDonald, Alexander McNab, Thomas Cameron [1], Thomas Cameron [2], John Robie, Alexander Fraser, Angus McDonald, Duncan McCraw, James Forbes, Finlay Munro, Willm McNabb, Murdoch McPherson, Willm McKenzie, late Private Soldiers in the 78th Regiment, and William Campbell late Private in the 47th Regt."

 

31 May 1765: In a land petition, dated at Quebec 31 May 1765, the petition of Alexander McArthur and John Simson, late Private Soldiers in His Majesty's 78th Regiment of Foot. Alexander McArthur appears in Captain Archibald Campbell's Company, and John Simpson in the Colonel's Company when the regiment disbanded in 1763. Private men were entitled to 50 acres of land.

 

1 June 1765: "The land petition of Donald Williamson, late Private in the 78th Regiment, John Valance - late Serjeant, John Thomas, Francis Anderson, John Lee, and Joseph Thompson, late Private in the 2d Battalion Royal American Regiment, Mackrick Sears, James Turner and Michael OBryean, late Private in the 47th Regiment."

 

25 July 1765: In a land petition, dated at Quebec 25 Jul 1765, James Abercrombie, Major, 78th Regt., petitions the Honorable James Murray, Governor of the Province of Quebec, for five thousand acres of land in "any of the Colonies in North America."

 

20 November 1765: In a land petition at Quebec, Peter Stuart and Donald McDonald petition the government for land located in the Bay of Chaleur, a familiar area for grant approval. Stuart's name appears twice as fighting on the Plains of Abraham, both in the 78th Regiment, and Donald McDonald's name appears in both the 78th Regiment (numerous instances) and also the 2nd Battalion of the 60th Royal American Regiment.

Albeit seven of these men are listed on the regiment's Subsistence Rolls in 1763, they were not among those previously listed as having been discharged in Canada in 1763; namely, Donald Clark, Alexander McDonald, Alexander McNabb, Angus McDonald, Duncan McCraw, William McNabb, Finlay Munro; and four additional men were not among those previously listed as having served in the 78th Foot; those being John Grant, Thomas Cameron, John Robie, and William McKenzie.

Note: Of the two soldiers named Thomas Cameron, one served on the 78th Foot (his spouse was Marie Francoise Roy), while the second soldier's military regiment is unknown.

These records not only confirm service but also frequently connect veterans to broader family networks. Notably, Lachlan Smith became the father-in-law of Joseph Fraser, son of Lt. Malcolm Fraser—illustrating how land petitions also serve as valuable genealogical tools.

78th Regiment Petitions in Quebec (1766)

Four additional soldiers from the 78th Regiment: Alexander McNab, James McKenzy, Duncan Mcray, and Murdoc Morrison, petition the Crown in this 1766. Two of these men - namely, Alexander McNab and Duncan Mcray (or Mcraw) appear in the May 1765 petition. McNabb, McKenzey, and Morrison appear to be recently discharged soldiers from the 15th Regiment.

18 August 1766: In a land petition dated at Quebec, the petition of Donald Mackay and John Anderson, discharged soldiers in the 78th Regiment.

23 August 1766: Petition of Donald Mackay, a discharged soldier in the 78th Regiment.

27 August 1766: In a land petition dated at Quebec, "Mr. Alex`r Mackay late Serjeant of the 78th Regt. present at Berthier, petitioned for his lands at the Bay of Challour, has given a toleration to Mr. James Thomson Town Sargeant to draw for him not being himself present." This is most likely Alexander McKay, a serjeant, in Captain Hugh Fraser's company when the regiment disbanded in 1763.

30 July 1766: In a land petition dated at Quebec, Ranald MacDonell, late discharged soldier from the 78th and 15th Regiments of Foot, is listed in the as filing with the Lieutenant Governor of the Province of Quebec. There were many soldiers from both the 47th and 78th Regiments that transferred to the 15th Regiment at the conclusion of the war in 1763, electing to stand guard on the province through 1768.

Cross-Referencing Colonial New York Land Surveys

Several names appearing in Quebec land petitions also surface in New York land surveys, particularly in the regions of Albany, Tryon, and Charlotte counties. Many soldiers of the 78th Foot who were unable to secure land in Quebec turned to the Mohawk Valley and northern Hudson River corridor—territories that were still being surveyed and distributed as late as the 1770s.

Petitioners such as Donald Clark, Alexander McNab, and John Grant can be traced through both Canadian and New York records, especially in post-war military bounty land tracts. Cross-referencing their presence in the New York Land Papers (New York State Archives) and Phillipps Maps Collection can yield confirmation of overlapping or migrated claims.

Additional Petitions by 78th Regiment Veterans (1768–1802)

Later petitions show continued attempts by former soldiers to secure land as their families expanded or their prior claims failed to materialize. 

Highlights include:

 

Ranald MacDonell, served in both 78th and 15th Regiments (1768)

George Geddes, 1787 petition

John Ross, 1800 petition — identified as a 78th corporal with 12 children

Additional 1802 petitioners include veterans seeking secondary or final land confirmation

These late petitions demonstrate that land acquisition for veterans was a long and ongoing process, often extending decades past the end of the war.

Final Thoughts

Land petitions from the Seven Years’ War are among the most detailed and accessible military settlement records of the 18th century. For descendants of the 78th Fraser’s Highlanders, and for researchers studying colonial Canada and New York, these documents provide irreplaceable evidence of movement, service, and settlement. Cross-referencing Quebec archives with New York land records unlocks a wider picture of veteran resettlement, family formation, and early Crown policy.

Explore Historical Newspaper Extracts from the Seven Years’ War

Discover firsthand accounts, battlefield reports, and colonial correspondence as printed in 18th-century newspapers during the Seven Years’ War. These curated excerpts offer rare insight into how the war was reported and remembered in its own time.

The administrative procedures referenced here are part of a larger body documentation. Many such records are preserved by Library and Archives Canada.

Levy Money for the 2nd Highland Battalion, or Fraser's 78th Regiment of Foot, 1757

Three Pounds a Man: Levy Money for Fraser’s Regiment

The process of raising Highland battalions during the mid-18th century was both politically sensitive and logistically complex. At a time when Britain’s military commitments stretched across continents, the recruitment of dependable, disciplined forces became a matter of urgent imperial priority. In this context, levy money—a cash payment offered to new recruits—played a pivotal role.

The sum itself—three pounds sterling per man—was not insignificant. For many Highlanders, especially those living in the economically fragile aftermath of the Jacobite rising, such an offer could represent several months’ worth of livelihood. Levy money functioned both as a personal incentive and a broader tool of statecraft: a way to channel martial tradition into imperial service while soothing the wounds of rebellion with coin rather than punishment.

In the case of Fraser’s Regiment, levy money served a dual function. It helped recruit men from clan networks already familiar with Simon Fraser of Lovat’s leadership, but it also allowed the British Army to frame Highland enlistment as voluntary, even aspirational. While some recruits may have been drawn by loyalty, patriotism, or even the promise of adventure, many others responded to the more tangible appeal of hard currency paid upfront.

For the Crown, the expense was justified. The Highland battalions brought not only combat prowess but also a symbolic unity between former rebels and their former enemies. In effect, levy money transformed political risk into military utility—one recruit at a time.

Raising the Regiment

In 1757, the British War Office authorized the formation of two Highland battalions, one of which would become known as Fraser’s 78th Regiment of Foot. Raised in Scotland, this battalion was unique among British levies. Unlike many military units recruited for domestic defense, the 2nd Highland Battalion was intended from the outset for transatlantic service in North America during the Seven Years’ War. The promise of three pounds sterling in levy money per man—a considerable sum for rural Highlanders—served as a critical incentive for enlistment. For many recruits, especially those emerging from generations of hardship, military service offered a rare opportunity for financial security, social mobility, and adventure.

The recruitment effort targeted both seasoned veterans and first-time enlistees. Some had served in earlier wars, including the War of the Austrian Succession, while others were young men eager for purpose or stability. While material reward was a factor, enlistment also reflected the evolving relationship between the Highlands and the Crown. In the wake of the Jacobite Rising of 1745, many Highland communities—once defined by resistance to British authority—had become integrated into imperial military structures. In raising the 78th Regiment, the Crown was not just enlisting soldiers; it was enlisting loyalty.

Traditions and Tactics of Fraser’s Highlanders

Unlike regular British line regiments, Highland battalions like Fraser’s maintained distinctive cultural traditions and adopted flexible battlefield tactics. They were outfitted in traditional garb—including kilts, bonnets, and belted plaids—and often deployed in flexible skirmishing formations. These tactical differences made them well-suited to the rugged terrain of North America, where formal European battle lines often gave way to ambush, forest warfare, and siege. Over time, Highland regiments gained a reputation for courage, reliability, and efficiency—attributes that helped reshape perceptions of Highlanders within the British military hierarchy.

The use of levy money wasn’t just a recruiting tool; it was a measure of how urgently the Crown sought to mobilize effective fighting forces. As the Seven Years’ War intensified, Britain expanded its global footprint, requiring regiments capable of enduring harsh conditions far from home. Scotland—and particularly the Highlands—became a favored recruiting ground, supplying disciplined soldiers steeped in martial tradition. This transformation, from perceived rebels to empire-builders, is one of the lesser-told narratives of 18th-century British military history.

Correspondence

The letter below, dated 13 January 1757, was issued by Lord Barrington, then Secretary at War, and addressed to Lord Viscount Duplin, Paymaster General. It formally authorizes the release of levy money to raise two Highland battalions, including what would become Fraser’s 78th Regiment. Behind its restrained official tone lies the administrative machinery that enabled Britain to extend its military reach into North America—by offering three pounds a man.

Barrington held office during a pivotal phase of the Seven Years’ War, where wartime bureaucracy had to move swiftly to match Britain’s global ambitions. This correspondence with Duplin reveals how military recruitment was initiated and financed from within Whitehall. As Secretary at War, Barrington managed not just personnel and payments, but the logistical framework of the British Army—making letters like this invaluable records of 18th-century military governance.

LORD BARRINGTON TO LORD VISCOUNT DUPLIN

War Office, 13 January 1757

My Lord & Sir. His Majesty Having been pleased to order two Highland Battalions of Foot to be forthwith raised and sent to North America each Battalion to consist of 40 Serjeants 40 Corporals 20 Drummers and 1000 Private Men besides Commission Officers (their Establishment to commence from the 23rd Dec`r last incl and to Allow three pounds per man Levy Money I have the Honour to Acquaint you therewith) that you may be pleased to lay a Memorial before the Rt. Humble the Lords Commissioners of his Maty`s Treasure for the Money wanting for this service. 
                                                                                         I am
                                                                                         My Lord & Sir
                                                                                         Barrington
Lord Visc`t Dupplin
                                        Paymaster Gen`l
& Tho`s Potter Esqr

Levy Money and the Formation of Fraser's Highlanders

Whether motivated by enlistment bounties, adventure, or the promise of land, the men of Fraser’s Highlanders joined a levy unlike any other—one formed not to defend their homeland, but to expand an empire abroad. Their journey from Scottish glens to the battlefields of North America illustrates the complex human reasons behind imperial warfare—and the unique legacy of levied regiments in British military history. The story of levy money and imperial expansion reflects more than just military bureaucracy—it reveals a strategic effort to reshape Highland identity.

Lord Barrington served as Secretary at War during a critical phase of the Seven Years’ War. His correspondence with Viscount Duplin sheds light on the administrative mechanics behind military recruitment. As a cabinet-level officer, Barrington oversaw everything from pay scales to organizational structure—making his letters valuable primary sources for historians studying British military logistics.
Learn more on how Fraser’s Highlanders appeared in early colonial newspapers—and how their recruitment was reported alongside discussions of levy money.

The administrative procedures referenced in Barrington’s letter are part of a larger body of War Office documentation. Many such records are preserved by The National Archives, UK, under the War Office collection (WO).

Discover firsthand accounts, battlefield reports, and colonial correspondence as printed in 18th-century newspapers during the Seven Years’ War. These curated excerpts offer rare insight into how the war was reported and remembered in its own time.

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Works Consulted

• Brumwell, Stephen. Paths of Glory: The Life and Death of General James Wolfe. Hambledon Continuum, 2006.

• Chartrand, René. The French Navy and the Seven Years’ War in North America. Osprey Publishing, 2006.

• Duffy, Christopher. The Military Experience in the Age of Reason. Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1987.

• Dull, Jonathan R. The French Navy and the Seven Years’ War. University of Nebraska Press, 2005.

• Pittock, Murray. Culloden. Oxford University Press, 2016.

• Reid, Stuart. Highland Regiments in the French and Indian War, 1756–1763. Osprey Publishing, 2000.

• Journals of the House of Commons. Vol. 31, H.M. Stationery Office, 1803.

• Lord Barrington, "Letter to William Pitt, Secretary at War." LAC, War Office Records: Out Letters: Secretary at War. General Letters, Dec. 1756 - Apr. 1757. W.O. 4, vol. 53.

Early Newspaper Accounts of the 78th Regiment of Foot in the Seven Years' War

In the English-speaking world, the earliest precursors to the modern newspaper were corantos—small pamphlets published only when noteworthy events occurred. The first regularly published title was The Weekly Newes in 1622. This was followed in the 1640s and 1650s by a flood of similar newsbooks under various titles. The first true English-language newspaper is generally considered to be The London Gazette, first issued in 1666. For a generation, it remained the only officially sanctioned newspaper, though by the end of the century, many other periodicals were in circulation.

The 18th-century newspaper extracts presented here focus primarily on Colonel Fraser’s 78th Regiment and their operations in North America during the Seven Years’ War. However, readers might also come across mentions of the Second Highland Battalion and the 63rd Regiment—both of which played a role in the regiment’s early formation in Scotland. Occasional references also appear to Lord Murray’s 42nd Foot and Colonel Montgomery’s 77th Foot, included where relevant and of interest.

1756 Newspaper Extracts

The Derby Mercury

From Friday November 12, to Friday November 19, 1756.

Edinburgh, Nov. 4.

The Right Hon. Lord George Beauclerk, who arrived in Town on Monday last, has taken upon him the Command in Chief of his Majesty's Forces in Scotland, in the Room of General Holmes, who set out the same Day for London.

The Sussex Weekly Advertiser, or, Lewes Journal

Monday, November 29, 1756. No. 544.

London. Nov. 23.

The last Express from Lord Loudon contains no request of being Recalled, but he therein desires a Reinforcement of 5000 Men at least, which he recommends to be raised in the Highlands of Scotland, and to be accoutred in their Manner, the English Marching Regiments not being so capable of bearing the Fatigue of frequent Journeys in that Country; he also desires a Draught from the Train of Artillery, with some small travelling Cannon; which Request, we hear, is ordered to be complied with forthwith.

Jackson's Oxford Journal

Saturday, November 27, 1756. Numb. 187.

London.

It is said that Lord Loudoun has desired a Reinforcement of 5000 Men at least, whom he recommends to be accoutred in the manner of the Highland Regiment.

The Derby Mercury

Friday, December 24, 1756

London, December 25

Two Battalions of 1500 Men each, are going to be raised in the Highlands of Scotland, to be commanded by Col. John Campbell, and are to be sent to America. Major Montgomery and Major M'Kaye are to be Lieutenant Colonels of the Battalions.

Note: The original nod to command the Second Highland Battalion went to Major John Mckay, 5th Regiment of Foot. However, most likely due to declining health, he removed himself from consideration after the original publishing of this article. He died in late-1757.

1757 Newspaper Extracts

Schofields Middlewich Journal, or Cheshire Advertiser

January 4, 1757. [NUMB 27.]

The two Regiments raising in the Highlands are to consist of 1000 Men each, to be commanded by Col. Fraser, Son of the late Lord Lovat, and Major Montgomery, Brother to the Earl of Eglington. No Lowlanders to be received into these Regiments, but are to be raised from the following Clans, viz. the Campbell's, the Mackenzie's, the Frazer's, the Macdonald's and the Grants.

London Gazette

From Tuesday, January, 18, 1757, to Saturday, January 22, 1757. NUMB. 9654

Whitehall, United Kingdom, January 22. 

His Majesty has been graciously pleased to appoint Gentlemen to be Officers in the Second Highland Battalion of Foot to be forthwith raised for His Majesty's Service.

Simon Fraser, Esq; Lieutenant Colonel Commandant.

Esqrs. Majors:

James Clephane

John Campbell

Esqrs. Captains:

Thomas Fraser

John McPherson

John Campbell

Simon Fraser

Donald McDonald

John McDonnell

Charles Baillie

J. Crawford Walkinshaw, Captain Lieutenant.

Lieutenant:

John Fraser

Archibald McDonald

Simon Fraser

Ronald McDonald

John McDougal

Charles McDonnell

Simon Fraser

Hector McDonald

Hugh Cameron

Simon Fraser

William McDonald

[.....] McToth

John Murray

Rory McNeil

Alexander Fraser

Archibald Campbell

Donald Mac Lean

James Fraser

Alexander Mac Leod

Ensigns:

Simon Fraser

Archibald McAllister

William Fraser

James Fraser

Allan Stuart

Evan Cameron

Lachlan McLachlan

[.....] Chisholme

John Fraser

Staff Officers:

[.....], Chaplain

John McLean, Surgeon

[.....], Adjutant

[.....], Quarter Master

The Public Advertiser 

Monday, January 24, 1757

We hear that Frazer's Battalion of Highlanders is near compleated, and the other in great Forwardness.

London Read Weekly, or British Gazetteer

Saturday, January 29, 1757. Nº 39010

To expedite the raising of the two Highland Battalions of foot to be sent to North America, we hear, that the Captain of each company has undertaken to raise fifty men; the two Lieutenants twenty men each, and the Ensign ten; by which means each company will be complete in six weeks from the date of their commissions, and are to make together a body of 2000 men. The two battalions to be raised in the Highlands are to be in the Highland dress, both officers and men.

The Newcastle Weekly Courant

Saturday, January 29, 1757

Edinburgh, January 24

We hear that 4000 Ton of shipping is contracted for at London, in order to transport to America the two Highland Regiments, to be raised under the Command of Colonels Frazer and Montgomery, and that Orders are come to Glasgow for getting ready 2200 Pair of Shoes for them with all Expedition.

Schofields Middlewich Journal, or Cheshire Advertiser

Tuesday, February 1, 1757. [NUMB. 31]

A Bill is depending for the better recruiting his Majesty's Army ; in which there is a Clause for giving Three Pounds Bounty to every Man who voluntarily enters, and discharging them after three Years Service.

The Public Advertiser

Thursday, February 3, 1757

Glasgow, Jan. 24. 

On Wednesday an Order was received from London, to provide 2400 pairs of shoes and also Shoulder-Belts for the two Highland Regiments now raising.

London Read Weekly, or British Gazetteer

Friday, February 11, 1757

On Saturday a great number of Scots men out of the guards, and inlisted here for the two battalions of Highlanders now raising, were review'd by their officers in their proper uniform.

Schofields Middlewich Journal : Cheshire Advertiser

Tuesday, February 22, 1757

Extract of a Letter from Edinburgh, dated Feb. 8. We are assured that most of the Commissioners appointed by the Recruiting Act in Scotland have exerted themselves with a most laudable Spirit and Dispatch, for his Majesty's Service, in raising the necessary Supplies of good and able Men to compleat the new Levies, and that with the greatest Care and Attention, for the Ease and Welfare of his Majesty's Subjects. That the City of Edinburgh, and the Shires of Air, Renfrew, Kirkoudbright, Selkirk, Wigton, Dumbarton, Linlithgow, Cromarty, Nairn, Bamff, Aberdeen, Kincardine, Forfar, Fife, and Clackmannan, have already sent in their full Compliments: That the City of Edinburgh, and the Shire of Air, Renfrew, Dumbarton, Forfar, Fife, Kincardine, Aberdeen, and Cromarty, have also added some more Men to their Numbers, and are still continuing to exert themselves on the Service of their King and Country, by turning over from time to time, proper Men for Soldiers: that the Shires of Edinburgh, Perth, Dumfries, Rofs and Elgin, want but very few to complete their respective Quotes ; and it in not in the least doubted that the other Commissioners will use their utmost Care and Diligence to furnish immediately their Numbers of young and able Men for this public and important Service. Upwards of thirteen Hundred Men have been raised in the above mentioned Counties, in the Space of three Weeks, most of whom are young, of good Size and Appearance; and the Commissioners are unanimously resolved not to harbour any of them who shall desert, but to seize and return them immediately to their respective Corps. Many men have also inlisted voluntarily in the said Counties to avoid being impressed.

They write from Edinburgh, that the levying of the new Highland Battalions goes on successfully in the North, and particularly that the Munro Company [Col. Montgomery's Regt.] was compleated in about 10 Days.

The Newcastle Weekly Courant

Saturday, February 26, 1757

Edinburgh, February 19

We hear from Glasgow, that on Monday Se'ennight, about 90 recruits inlisted there for Col. Fraser's Highland Battalion, marched for Dunkeld. And on Saturday 60 Recruits for Col. Montgomery's Battalion, marched for Crieff to be reviewed.

Note: In a letter from Lord Breadalbane to John Campbell of Barcaldine dated London, "19 Feby.  1757," Breadalbane asked, "...I heard it said a fortnight ago that Major Clephane had raised 70 men in four days: and that Capt. Campbell (brother of Capt. Dougal) had got 70 men in Glasgow. I am curious to know if this is true; the Capt. Campbell, brother of Capt. Dougal, mentioned may be Captain John C. of Ballimore, appointed to the same regiment [Fraser's Highlanders]. [Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness. Vol. XXIII, 1898-99, p. 43-4]; se'ennight: an archaic term meaning one week.

Considering Major James Clephane's men were primarily recruited in the Highlands, these (potenitally) 70 to 90 men enlisted at Glasgow would have been recruited for Capt. John Campbell's Company in the then-Second Highland Battalion.

The Newcastle Weekly Courant 

Saturday, March 5, 1757

Tuesday 30 more Highlanders, Volunteers from the third Regiment of Foot Guards, passed through this Town, in the way to join Col. Frazier's Battalion at Inverness.

London Read Weekly, or British Gazeteer

March 19, 1757

Edinburgh, March 5

We are assured from the North, that Col. Montgomery's battalion of Highlanders, consisting of 1000 men are completely levied.

The Public Advertiser

Friday, March 25, 1757. NUMB. 6093

The Recruits quartered about Town belonging to the Highland Battalions are ordered to march in order to embark.

London Read Weekly, or British Gazeteer

Saturday, March 26, 1757. Nº 3918

Edinburgh, March 17. 

On the 2d instant marched from Aberdeen for Inverness, [being head quarters] the first detachment of Capt. Simon Fraser's company [in the second battalion of Col. Fraser's Highland Regiment] consisting of eighty two; the remainder forty eight, are kept in the country on the recruiting business, in all, one hundred and thirty. They are all well made fellow, mostly Highlanders and speak the Irish language; and were all raised and enlisted in the space of five weeks.

Annapolis Maryland Gazette

April 14, 1757

London, Jan. 22.

We hear that Fraser's Battalion of Highlanders is near compleated, and the others in great forwardness.

The two Battalions to be raised in the Highlands are to be in the Highland Dress, both Officers and Men.

Newcastle Courant

Saturday, 16 April 1757

Edinburgh, April 7.

The write from Glasgow, that two Companies of Colonel Montgomery's Highland Battalion arrived there on Friday, and two Companies of Colonel Frazer's on Saturday.

The Evening Advertiser

From Thursday, April 21, to Saturday, April 23, 1757. No. 88

London

The two regiments of highlanders, which are now compleat, are ordered to march to Port Patrick in Scotland, and from thence to embark for Ireland, where they are to march thro' the whole kingdom to Cork, which march it is supposed will be compleated in about 14 days.

The Belfast News-Letter, And General Advertiser

Tuesday, May 3, 1757. NUMB ?

Scotland [Extract of a letter from Invernettie, April 12].

That the march of the two battalions of Highlanders may be no burthen to the country through which they are to march in their way to Port Patrick, orders have been given for preparing a quantity of biscuit &c. sufficient to serve them for ten days.

Note: Captain Rickson was later reimbursed £144 for providing oatmeal and cheese for the two battalions of Highlanders & Genl. Anstruther's Regiment. [Georgian Military Papers Online, Army estimates and accounts, 1742-1757. Royal Collection Trust, GEO/ADD/35/8, p. 205]; In 1757, Captain Rickson was Deputy Quarter-Master-General of Scotland, at Edinburgh.

The General Evening Post

From Saturday April 2, to Tuesday, April 5, 1757. No. 3627

London, April 2

Orders are dispatched to the North, for the two Battalions of Highlanders immediately to march to Port Patrick, from whence they are to proceed with all Expedition to Corke, in order to embark for America. Tis said each of the Battalions have about 200 Men above their Compliment.

London Evening-Post

From Saturday, April 9, 1757, to Tuesday, April 12, 1757. NUMB. 4591

Dublin, April 2

The two Highland Battalions raised in Scotland, are to land at Donaghadee, and marched from thence to Corke, to embark with other Forces for America.

We hear the Regiments commanded by Lieut. Gen. Phillip Anstruther, Major Gen. John Folliot, and Col. Yorke, are to embark from Scotland for this Kingdom, and land at Donaghadee; and that Maj. Gen. Lambton's and Col. Anstruther's Regiments are to be sent from England to land at Corke, to replace the Forces order'd to America.

London Read Weekly Journal or British Gazeteer

Saturday, April 9, 1757. Nº 3920

Admirality Office. April 5

Orders are dispatched to the north for the two battalions of Highlanders immediately to march to Port Patrick, from whence they are to proceed with all expedition to Cork, in order to embark to America. 'Tis faid each of the battalions have about 200 men above their compliment.

The Newcastle Weekly Courant

Saturday, April 16, 1757

Edinburgh, April 7

They write from Glasgow, that two Companies of Colonel Montgomery's Highland Battalion arrived there on Friday and two companies of Colonel Frazer's on Saturday.

The Public Advertiser

Thursday, April 21, 1757. NUMB. 7016

Edinburgh, April 14. 

The Remainder of the two Highland Battalions will be at Glasgow this week where they are to be review'd in their Uniforms on Wednesday next, immediately after which they will proceed to Port Patrick, in their way to Cork.

The Derby Mercury

Friday, April 22, 1757

Extract of a Letter from Invernettie, April 12.

The two Regiments of Highlanders, which are now compleat, are ordered to march to Port Patrick in Scotland, and from thence to embark for Ireland, where they are to march thro' the whole Kingdom to Cork, which March it is supposed will be compleated in about fourteen Days.

Pue's Occurrences

Saturday, 23 April 1757

Belfast, April 22.

We hear that the two new raised Highland Battalions, consisting of 2500 Men, are now in Glasgow receiving their new Cloathing, and will be at Portpatrick in ten Days, to embark for Donnaghadee on their Way to Cork.

The Evening Advertiser

Thursday, April 28, 1757. No. 91

Dublin, April 23. 

Last Monday two officers set out for Donaghadee, in order to conduct the two highland battalions to Cork for embarkation.

Scots Magazine, Vol. 19 

May, ?, 1757

Cols. Montgomery and Fraser's two new-raised highland battalions were mustered at Glasgow April 26. & 29. by the Hon. Charles Hope-Weir. Both were complete, and they had discharged several supernumerary men. They soon after went to Ireland.

Note: Charles Hope-Weir (Linlithgowshire) was a member of Scottish Parliament, and held the office of Muster-master General of Scottish land forces from 1744-1759.

The Derby Mercury

May 6, 1757

Extract of a Letter from Portsmouth, May 5.

The transports from the Downs are to take on board Lambton's Regiment for Ireland, and from thence are to go to America with the Highland Battalions, under convoy of the Windsor, Capt. Faulkner. They are now ordered, by Express, to wait to go down the Channel with Admiral Osbourne's Fleet, who will sail about Saturday.

The Newcastle Weekly Courant

Saturday, May 7, 1757

Edinburgh, May 3

They write from Glasgow, that on Tuesday last arrived there the Hon. Charles Hope Weir, Esq. and mustered the first Battalion of Highlanders, commanded by Lieutenant-colonel Montgomery; and next Day mustered the second Battalion, commanded by Lieutenant-colonel Fraser. And that the first Battalion, consisting of 1100 Men, has since marched from thence in order to embark for Ireland.

The Public Advertiser

Saturday, May 7, 1757. NUMB 7030

Edinburgh, April 30. 

Thursday, the 2d Battalion of Highlanders, commanded by Col. Montgomery, marched from Glasgow to Port-Patrick, in order to embark for Ireland. Colonel Frazer's Battalion will march Next week.

The Belfast News-Letter, and General Advertiser

Tuesday, May 17, 1757

Extract of a letter from Portsmouth, dated May 5.

The transports from the Downs are to take on board Lambton's regiment for Ireland, and from thence are to go to America with the Highland battalions under convoy of the Windsor, captain Faulkner. They are now ordered, by express, to wait to go down the channel with admiral Osborne's fleet, who will sail about Saturday. 

The Belfast News-Letter, and General Advertiser

Friday, May 20, 1757. NUMB 2063

London, May 10

Extract of a letter from Portsmouth, May 8.

This morning got under sail, and are now going for Ireland, the Windson, capt. Faulkner, with the transports, having Lambton's regiment on board for Cork, who were embarked yesterday morning; after that regiment is landed, the transports are to take on board the Scotch battalions, and proceed to America under convoy of the Windsor.

Belfast [n.d]

Tuesday Night the Highland Battalion, consisting of 1100 men, commanded by the Hon. Col. Simon Fraser, arrived here: Two Companies whereof march'd forward today, and two Companies will proceed To-morrow.

On Monday last, while part of the above Battalion were at Donaghadee, a Fire broke out there and consumed four Houses, and in all probability the whole Town wou'd have been destroyed, but for the Alertness of the Grenadier Company. A woman, whose House was burned, in endeavouring to recover part of her Goods, perished in the Flames.

Note: The Regiment arrived at Belfast, Tuesday, May 17, 1757, and the fire at Donaghadee occurred the day prior.

Dublin, May 17

Early Yesterday Morning Col. Montgomery's Division of the new-raised Highland Battalion set out for Corke.

The Newcastle Weekly Courant

Saturday, May 21, 1757

Edinburgh, May 16

Colonel Montgomery's Battalion of Highlanders are all safe arrived at Belfast in Ireland. Colonel Fraser's Battalion of Highlanders marched last Tuesday for Ireland.

Maryland Gazette

May 26, 1757

Dublin, March 19

The two Highland Battalions raised in Scotland are to land at Donaghadee, and march from thence to Cork, to embark with the other Forces for America.

Pue's Occurences

Saturday, May 28, 1757

Dublin

The First Division of the Lord Lovat's new-raised Highland Battalion, arrived here in their Way to Cork. Seven of the Men who deserted in the North, were brought to Town and lodged in the Provost Marshalsea.

Sunday, May 29, 1757

Two Companies more of Lord Lovat's Highland Battalion arrived in Town.

The Pennsylvania Gazette

Thursday, June 9, 1757

Dublin, April 5

We are assured, that the two Highland Regiments, raised in Scotland, are to embark at Portpatrick, and land at Donaghadee, and march from thence to Cork, in order for Embarkation to North America.

A large Sum of Money, escorted by a Party of Dragoons, was sent from the Treasury to Cork, for the Payment of the several Regiments that are there, in order for Embarkation.

London Evening Post

June 11, 1757

Extract of a Letter from Portsmouth, June 12.

Friday afternoon the Enterprize fell down to St. Hellen's with the Transports under her Convoy for Ireland. Saturday morning sailed from St. Hellens the Enterprize and Scarborough, with the Convoy, to the westward.

The Magazine of Magazines: Compiled From Original Papers

Friday, June 17, 1757

His Majesty's Ship Enterprize of 40 Guns arrived at Cork, as did the Achilles of 64 guns, Hon. Capt. Barrington at Limerick, to take under convoy the East Indiamen there.

Note: The ship Enterprize arrived at Cork from Portsmouth and would sail for Canada within two weeks, with Fraser's Highlanders on board the different transport vessels.

Pue's Occurences. Numb.50.

From Saturday June 18th, to Tuesday June 21, 1757

Dublin, Friday June 17th.

The Margaret and Elizabeth of Newsport, Glasgow, with Luggage belonging to Col. Frazer's Highland Battalion, and a Party of said Men, sailed for Cork.

The Belfast News-Letter, And General Advertiser

Friday, June 24, 1757. NUMB 2073.

Portsmouth, June 12.

The Enterprize fell down to St. Helen's, with the transports under her convoy for Ireland, in order to take the Highland regiments for America.

Cork, Ireland, June 16.

Two Highlanders received 600 lashes each, for desertion.

Note: Unable to ascertain which regiment these two men were from.

The Gentleman and London's Magazine

Thursday, June 30, 1757

Sailed from Cork his majesty's ship Falkland 50 guns for South Carolina, the Enterprize of 40 guns for Nova Scotia, and the Stork sloop of 10 guns for Jamaica, with 20 sail of transports, having on board the two Highland battalions commanded by the Cols. Montgomery and Frazer, and the West India fleet.

The Belfast News-Letter, and General Advertiser

Friday, July 1, 1757. NUMB 2075

Cork, 23 June

Tuesday evening arrived in town, col. Frazer; and on Monday and Tuesday next, the two battalions of Highlanders will embark on board the transports at Passage.

Note: Passage West is a port town in County Cork, Ireland, situated on the west bank of Cork Harbour.

The Belfast News-Letter, and General Advertiser

Tuesday, July 5, 1757. NUMB 2076

Corke, June 27.

This day the two battalions of highlanders went down the river, in order to embark for America. Forty two deserters from the regiments which lately left this place, are to embark with them.

Note: Colonel Fraser mustered 22 deserters on the passage from Europe to North America. [NAS, GD125/22/18/18].

The Belfast News-Letter, and General Advertiser

Friday, July 8, 1757. NUMB 2077

Corke, June 27.

Yesterday the Hercules privateer of Bristol put into Cove. Same day arrived at Cove his majesty's ship Unicorn of 24 guns, capt. Moore from a cruize. And this day his majesty's ships Falkland of 50 guns, Enterprize of 40, and Stork sloop of 10 guns, sailed with 20 sail of transports, and the two Highland regiments on board, bound for North America, also the trade for the West Indies under the same convoy.

Journal of Hugh Gaine

July 8, 1757

This Day by way of Philadelphia, we have advice of the sailing of the Fleet, from Cork, with 5000 Forces only instead of 9000 as was reported under Convoy of 15 Sail of the Line, 2 Frigates, 2 Bombs, 21 Storeships and Fifty-five Transports; They sailed from Cork the 8th of May. The Highland Regiments, nor the Ships from England, were not arrived at Cork, but 'twas [said?] they would soon arrive there, and Sail for America under Convoy of five Ships of the Line.

The Public Advertiser

Tuesday, July 12, 1757. Numb 7056

Corke, Ireland, June 30 

This Morning failed from Cove his Majesty's Ship Falkland for South Carolina, the Enterprise for Nova-Scotia, and the Stork Sloop for Jamaica, with 20 Sail of Transports, having two Battallions of Highlanders on board, as also the Trade for the Weft-Indies, under Convoy of the above Men of War.

The Belfast News-Letter, And General Advertiser

Friday, July 15, 1757. NUMB 2079

Corke, July 7.

Tuesday night the Trinity, capt. Davey, arrived here from Gilbraltar; she parted with the Turkey and Leghorn fleets, consisting of 26 sail, off Cape Clear, whose cargoes are valued at three million sterl. under convoy of a 60 gun and 40 gun ship, all well. She also met the fleet with the Highlanders on board, about 70 leagues south of Cape Clear, and spoke with a privateer of 18 guns, just off the stocks, and a sloop from St. Domingo, both prizes to the York man of war, who informed that the York had also taken another St. Domingo man homeward-bound, of about 800 tons, which she carried to England. When capt. Davy left Gilbraltar, admiral Osborn lay there with 12 men of war.

The Leeds Intelligencer

Tuesday, July 19, 1757

Cork, June 26

This Day his Majesty's Ship Falkland of 50 Guns, Enterprize of 40, and the Stork Sloop of 10 Guns, sailed with 20 sail of Transports, and the two Highland Regiments on board, bound for North America; and Trade for the West Indies, under the same Convoy.

The General Evening Post

Edinburgh, Tuesday, July 26, 1757

We are informed that orders are given for raising nine companies of Highlanders of 100 men each; three whereof are to be added to Lord John Murray's regiment, three to Col. Montgomery's, and three to Col. Frazer's: they are to be sent to America as soon as they can be raised. Several necessaries are preparing for them.

The Public Advertiser

Thursday, July 28, 1757. NUMB. 7100

Edinburgh, Scotland, July 21

Nine independent Companies of Highlanders are immediately to be raised, for the more speedy recruiting of Highland Battalions now in America. Several of the Officers are already appointed.

The Newcastle Weekly Courant

Saturday, July 30, 1757

Edinburgh, July 26

We are assured that three Companies are to be added to each of the three Highland Battalions, and that Orders are given for getting ready Shoes for them in Glasgow.

The General Evening Post

Halifax, in Nova Scotia, August 4. On the 29th nlt. a brig arrived here, by whom we have advice, that she left the Windsor about eight days ago, having under her convoy 18 transports with 2000 Highlanders, and a prize which was bound to Canada, with 30,000 l. in specie, and worth in all 50,000 l.

Lloyd's List

Friday, August 5, 1757

The Anson Man of War, arriv'd in the Downs from the Leeward Islands, on the 5th Ult. in Lat. 42-30. Longit. 34 West from the Lizard, spoke with the Windsor Man of War and Granada Bomb, who had a prize with them, bound for Halifax, all well.

Adams's Weekly Courant (Chester Courant)

From Tuesday, August 2, to Tuesday, August 9, 1757.

From the Dublin Universal Advertiser, July 26.

Cork, July 25

Yesterday arrived here a Party of Highland Recruits to the two Regiments lately embarked: they brought in a Serjeant who had deserted from Colonel Fraser's Regiment, and carried with some Money belonging to the Company to which he belonged.

British Spy Or New Universal London Weekly Journal

August 6, 1757

Edinburgh, July 26

We are informed that Orders are given for raising nine Companies of Highlanders of 100 Men each; three whereof are to be added to Lord John Murray's Regiment, three to Col. Montgomery's, and three to Col. Frazier's : they are to be sent to America as soon as they can be raised. Several Necessaries are preparing for them.

The Pennsylvania Gazette

August 11, 1757

Dublin, May 16

Saturday last 360 Men, being the first Division of one of the new raised Highland Battalions, commanded by Colonel Montgomery, and lately landed at Donaghadee from Scotland, arrived in town on their March for Cork, in order for Embarkation. On their Arrival they marched to the Royal Square, in the Barracks, where they were drawn up before the Right Hon. the Earl of Rothes, who expressed an intire Satisfaction at the military and handsome Appearance they made. And this Day the Remainder of the Battalion is expected here to take the same Route.

Note: Collins Barracks, formerly known as the Royal Barracks, officially closed in December 1988. Construction of the Royal Square wing of the barracks commenced in 1701, with later wings (Palatine Square, Brunswick Square, Calvary Square, and Stable Square) being added. By Act of Parliament 1707, "...all officers, soldiers, troops, and companies in her Majesty's Army...shall be lodged in the barracks...instead of being accommodated in the public taverns and alehouses within the city." [https://bit.ly/3tdNRdU. Acc: 3 September 2021].

The Maryland Gazette

August 18, 1757

New York, August 8

Yesterday Captain Sarly arrived here in 15 Days from Halifax, when the Fleet was not sailed, but lay ready. The transports taken up here and in Philadelphia, were discharged, and the Boston Vessels continued at 10 s. a Ton. As Captain Sarly came out of Halifax, he saw a Fleet standing in, which by the Music he heard, he imagined was the two Highland Battalions from Cork, under Convoy of Five Ships of the Line.

The Marine List

[Undated]

Capt. Bonham, arrived at Cork from the East-Indies, writes, that on 31st of August, in Lat.21-30. he spoke with the Enterprize Man of War, having under her Convoy 15 Sail of ships bound for the West-Indies.

Note: Col. Fraser's Regiment arrived at Halifax in two groups, under convoy of the Enterprize, between 24-28 August 1757.

Annapolis Maryland Gazette     New

15 September 1757

New York, September 5.

Friday last arrived here the Brig. Bell-Savage, Capt. Lewis, from Cork, and informs, That he sail'd from thence the 30th of June, in Company with eighteen Sail of Transports, having on board 2500 Highlanders, five Sail loaded with Powder and Ball, and seventeen Sail of Merchantmen for the West-Indies, Philadelphia, and Boston; all under Convoy of the Enterprize Man of War of 40 Guns, the Faulkland of 50 Guns, and the Stork Sloop of 10 Guns; and that on July 25, in Lat. 35 North, and Long. 30 West, he left the Convoy.

The Pennsylvania Gazette

September 22, 1757

London, July 28

The two Highland Battalions are ordered to be augmented with three Companies; each Battalion will then consist of 1300 Men.

Annapolis Maryland Gazette

29 September 1757

July 28. 

Nine more Independant Companies of Highlanders are immediately to be raised, for the easier recruiting the Highland Battalions in America.

Boston, September 12.     New

Monday last his Majesty's Ship Enterprize, of 40 Guns, Captain Donkley, arrived here from Halifax, which Ship was Convoy to the Transports with the Highland Regiments on board, as also to the several Merchantmen from London, &c. which arrived here the week before last - After the Transports were all safe into Halifax, the Enterprize immediately proceeded to this Place, having on board a considerable Quantity of Money for his Majesty's Service in these Parts.

The Public Advertiser

Tuesday, November 8, 1757. NUMB. 7188

Edinburgh, Scotland, Nov. 1

Seven of the nine additional Companies for the three Highland Battalions are arrived at Glasgow ; the other two were expected there yesterday.

Scots Magazine. v. 19 (1757)

December, 1757

The nine new-raised highland companies sailed from Greenock for Corke, Dec. 1.

On the 10th of December arrived at Corke from Greenock, the transports having on board the nine new-raised highland companies destined for America. Advice was received at Corke on the 12th, that one of the transports that was missing, had got safe into Youghall.

London Chronicle     New

December 24, 1757

Corke, Dec. 12.

Saturday last arrived here his Majesty's Ship Porcupine, and Convoy to the Transports from Greenock, having on board 900 Highlanders destined for America; and this Morning came Advise, that the only missing Vessel, on board of which was Part of the Baggage, is safe arrived at Youghall.

1758 Newspaper Extracts

British Spy Or New Universal London Weekly Journal     New

January 7, 1758

Corke [Ireland] Dec. 19.

His Majesty's Ship Hampshire sail'd Yesterday Morning from Cove; she goes as Convoy to New-York with about 900 Highlanders. The Transports were getting ready this Morning to sail out of the Harbour.

The Newcastle Weekly Courant

January 7, 1758

Extract of a Letter from an Officer in Colonel Montgomerie's Battalion of Highlanders, South Carolina, Sept. 17. [1757].

We had a fine Passage here, but very tedious: Our Men are all well received here, and have a Pound of Beef, a Pound of Bread, a Jill of Rum, and almost a Pound of Rice, Vinegar, Salt, Mustard, Candle, Firing, and Lodging every Day for nothing: and we are all very well.

The Public Advertiser

Tuesday, January 10, 1758

Edinburgh, Jan. 3

We are informed by a Letter from Cork, that the additional Companies for the Highland Battalions, were all embarked on the 19th ult. and ready to sail for America, under Convoy of the Hampshire Man of War.

The London Chronicle: Or, Universal Evening Post

From Thursday, June 1, to Saturday, June 3, 1758. Nº 223

Boston, Massachusetts, April 24

His Excellency General Lawrance with his battalion of Royal Americas, and Colonel Frazier with his regiment of Highlanders, sailed from Nantucket yesterday morning; the troops had been embarked some days, waiting a wind.

The Whitehall Evening Post: Or, London Intelligencer

From Thursday, June 1, to Saturday, June 3, 1758. Nº 1903.

New-York, April 27

The Third Battalion of Royal American, and Frazer's Second Battalion of Highlanders, embark'd at Boston, and are sailed for Halifax.

Annapolis Maryland Gazette

New York, June 12

Extract of a Letter from Halifax, dated May 22, 1758

Last Week a Corporal belonging to the Highlanders, and one of the Royal Americans, were killed and scalped between Half-Moon and Fort-Edward.

The Maryland Gazette

July 6, 1758

New York. June 26

Thursday, a Snow with Highlanders came in from St. Kitts, being part of Colonel Fraser's Battalion, who were obliged to proceed for the West-Indies, having a leaky Vessel, not being able to reach this port.

Note: This article may be referencing Colonel Fraser's Battalion in error.

Annapolis Maryland Gazette     New

July 20, 1758

Philadelphia, July 13.

A Gentleman in Halifax writes his Friend here on the 20th ult. That the Defiance Man of War had come in that Day from Louisbourg, which Place she left the 15th, when our Batteries had begun to play upon the Town and Island Battery, and it was thought we might be Masters of the Place and Time of writing this: That there were five Line of Battle Ships in the Harbour, which must fall into out Hands, as a good Look-out was kept at, and off, the Harbour's Mouth: That the Enemy had demolished the Grand Battery before our Troops landed, for fear of its falling into out Hands: That our Loss in landing was only one Captain and Lieutenant of Frazier's Highlanders, and not above 70 private men; also about 100 Sailors belonging to the Transports, killed, wounded and drowned, as there ran a great Surff: That about 100 Frenchmen were made Prisoners immediately after landing, and a great many Indians killed, amongst whom, it is said, is their Chief: and that several of the Savages were taken alive by the Highlanders, whose heads they chopped immediately, not being acquainted with the Method of Scalping.

Annapolis Maryland Gazette

27 July 1758

Halifax, June 24

Extract of a letter from a Gentleman in the present Expedition against Louisbourg, dated at Cabarous. June 16, 1758.

We are informed, that the Highlanders, according to their usual Bravery, Fell upon the French in their Entrenchments with their Broad-Swords, upon which they immediately fled : And had it been possible for the main Body of the Army to have joined them, they would have taken the Town Sword-in-Hand. Col. Frazer, and the other Officers of his Regiment, behaved with great Spirit and Bravery.

The Universal Magazine     New

July 30, 1758

Extract of a Letter from Louisbourg, 30 July 1758

I have the pleasure to acquaint you with the surrender of Louisbourg; they capitulated the 26th. We had not had our batteries against the town above a week, tho' we were ashore seven weeks; the badness of the country prevented our approaches. It was necessary to make roads for the cannon, which was a great labour, and some loss of men; but the spirits the army was in, is capable of doing anything. The garrison are prisoners of war; and the people of the town to be sent to France. What the numbers were at first I cannot tell; but now their remains 5600 soldiers and sailors. I believe their loss by shot and sickness to be about 2000: They buried 300 the night before last, and last night had three waggon loads to bury. Our loss is about 462 killed and wounded, 143 or 144 killed outright. The French sunk in the mouth of the harbour one of 54 guns, and 3 or 4 frigates. Three of the ships were burnt by General Wolfe's batteries; the other two were surprised the night before the capitulation by the boats of the fleet: one of them they carried up the harbour out of gun-shot, the other was aground, and could not be got off without the loss of many men, which made them burh her.

    You will hear of the great honour General Wolfe has gained in the siege. It is incredible what he has done.

    We have accounts of an action between General Abercrombie and the French: Lord Howe is killed.

    Our landing was one of the boldest attempts that ever was made: General Wolfe, at the head of some companies of grenadiers and light infantry, landed in a bay where there were about 2000 men intrenched up to the eyes, and defended besides with eight pieces of cannon and ten swivels: besides all this time there was a very surff, so great it was even dangerous to land, had there been no opposition. But nothing could stop the impetuosity of our troops, headed by such a General. Some of the light infantry got on shore first, which were followed by Fraser's grenadiers, who drove everything before them. The Captain and Lieutenant were killed in a bot before they landed, which made the Highlanders almost mad: The regiment has gained great honour, and has lost more Officers than any other.

    I have mentioned light infantry: They are the body of men draughted out of the regiments, and cloated somethin like the Indians, to scower the woods, which the country is intirely covered with: and a cursed country it it!

Annapolis Maryland Gazette 

27 July 1758

Philadelphia, July 20

A Gentleman at Halifax, in a Letter to his Friend here, of the 28th ult. wherein he mentions the Landing of our Army at Louisbourg, expresses himself as follows: "I cannot concluded without taking notice of the remarkably brave Behaviour of our Col. Frazer and his Highlanders on this occasion; his Grenadiers were the first that landed, and consequently suffered the most; they lost Capt. Baille, Lieutenant Cuthbert, Serjeant M'Pherson, and several private men, and had many wounded; but the French were struck with such a panic on their jumping into their Trenches, Sword in Hand, that they fled; and had it been possible that the whole Army could have landed in time to support them, they would have enter'd the Town, mixed with the Enemy, and made a very speedy Decision of the Affair.

The Public Advertiser

Saturday, August 19, 1758

Extract of a Letter from Louisbourg, dated July 30.

Our Landing was one of the boldest Attempts that ever was made: Gen. Wolfe, at the Head of some Companies of Grenadiers and light Infantry, landed in a Bay where there were about 2000 Men intrenched up to the Eyes, and defended besides with eight Pieces of Cannon and ten Swivels: besides all this there was a very great Surf, so great that is was even dangerous to land, had there been no Opposition. But nothing could stop the Impetuosity of our Troops, headed by such a General. Some of the light Infantry got on Shore first, which were followed by Fraser's Grenadiers, who drove every Thing before them. The Captain and Lieutenant were killed in the Boat before they landed, which made the Highlanders almost mad: The Regiment has gained great Honour, and has lost more Officers than any other.

I have mentioned light Infantry: They are a Body of Men draughted out of the Regiments, and cloathed something like the Indians, to scower the Woods, which the Country is intirely covered with: and a cursed Country it is!

The Pennsylvania Gazette

September 7, 1758

New York, September 4.

Return of the Killed and Wounded in the several Regiments on the Island of Cape-Breton, from June 8, to the 26th of July, inclusive, 1758.

Of Colonel Simon Fraser's Highlanders, were killed 1 Captain, 3 Lieutenants, and 12 Privates: Wounded, 1 Captain, 2 Lieutenants, and 35 Privates.

Annapolis Maryland Gazette     New

September 14, 1758

[No location provided]

That the polite Treatment which the French had met with since the Reduction of that Place, had made them extremely impudent, in particular, an Officer of the first Rank, taking upon the Liberty of striking the Coxwain of a Barge, who was carrying him Prisoner on board the Admiral, he was immediately (upon going on board) put in Irons upon Deck: And another French Officer having the Impudence to run his Hand under one of the Highlander's Plaids, in an improper Place, the Highlander immediately eased him of his Arm and Hand, by cutting them off with his Broad Sword: The Frenchman, not contented with this, drew his Sword, in order to take revenge, but the Highlander being upon his Guard, split the Frenchman's Head down to his Shoulders, and then cut both Halves off.

The Pennsylvania Gazette

September 21, 1758

Boston, September 11

Regiments sailed from Louisbourg for Boston, Aug. 30th. 2d Battalion of Royal Scots, General Sinclair. 17th Regiment, General Forbes. 47th Regiment, General Lascelles. 48th Regiment, General Webb's. 63d Regiment, Col. Frazier's Highlanders, under Convoy of the Captain Man of War of 64 Guns, commanded by Capt. Amherst, with General Amherst on board.

The Derby Mercury

September 22, 1758

London, September 25.

Extract of a Letter from on board one of the Men of War arrived at Spithead from Louisbourg, dated the 18th Instant.

On the 8th of June our Men, attempting to land in Gabarus Bay, were repulsed by the Enemy (who fired very briskly from the Batteries which they had erected on shore) except Col. Fraser's Regiment of Highlanders, who leaped overboard, and swam to a Point of Rocks: on which (the Enemy having no Batteries there) they made good their Landing, and directly attacking the Enemy (French and Indians) with their Broad-Swords, caused them to fly, and thereby made Way for our other Forces to land. Amongst the Slain of the Enemy, was an Indian six Feet nine Inches high. The Enemy, who call the Highlanders, English Savages, surrendered on the 26th of July to our Forces.

The Public Advertiser

Tuesday, September 26, 1758. Numb. 746?

Extract of a letter from on board one of the Men of War arrived at Spithead from Louisbourg, dated Sept. 18.

On the 8th of June our Men, attempting to land in Gabarus Bay, were repulsed by the Enemy (who fired very briskly from the Batteries which they had erected on Shore) except Col. Frazer's Regiment who leaped overboard, and swam to a Point of Rocks, on which (the Enemy having no Batteries there) they made good their Landing, and directly attacking the Enemy (French and Indians) with their Broad-swords, caused them to fly, and thereby made our way for our other Forces to land. Amongst the slain of the Enemy was an Indian six feet nine Inches high. The Enemy, who call the Highlanders English Savages, surrendered on the 26th of July to our Forces.

The Maryland Gazette

September 29, 1758

July 28

Nine more Independent Companies of Highlanders are immediately to be raised, for the easier recruiting the Highland Battalions in America.

The Pennsylvania Gazette

October 5, 1758

Boston, September 25

Yesterday His Majesty's Ship Scarborough, of 20 Guns, Capt. Scott, with several Transports under her Convoy, having on board Part of Col. Frasers Highlanders, arrived here from Halifax: the Troops are immediately to set out for the Lake, Horses being provided them for that Purpose.

The Derby Mercury

October 13, 1758

London, October 14

One Letter from America says, the Garrison of Louisbourg would have surrendered sooner, had it not been that they were afraid of being first scalped and afterwards having their Throats cut by the Highlanders and Rangers, whom they took to be Indian Savages.

A Brief Relation

Saturday, October 21, 1758

Regiments sailed from Louisbourg for Boston, the 30th of August.

2d battalion of Royal Scots, Gen. Sinclair.

17th regiments, General Forbes's.

47th ditto, Lascelle's.

48th ditto, Webb's.

63d ditto, Col. Frazer's highlanders.

Under convoy of the Captain man of war of 64 guns, commanded by Capt. Amherst, with General Amherst onboard.

We hear from the southward, that General Forbes lies dangerously ill.

The Derby Mercury

November 3, 1758

Boston, Sept. 18

On Wednesday last arrived here from Louisbourg, his Majesty's Ship the Captain, in which came Major-General Amherst. Between thirty and forty Transports are also arrived, having on board the second Battalion of Royal Scots, General Forbes's Lascelles's, and Webb's Regiments, and also Fraser's Highlanders; they arrived here in good Health, and were all disembarked on Thursday Morning, and encamped on the Common; and on Saturday Morning they decamped, and proceeded on their March for Lake George.

London Read Weekly Journal 

Saturday, November 4, 1758

Glasgow, Oct. 23

On Wednesday last arrived at Greenock, the Ludlow-Castle man of war, Capt. Clark, with nine sail of transports from Portsmouth, to carry a body of new raised highlanders, &c over to North America.

London Evening-Post

Saturday, November 4, 1758. Numb, 4837

Boston, Massachusetts, Sept. 18 

Last Wednesday arrived in our Harbour from Louisbourg his Majesty's Ship the Captain, commanded by Capt. Amherst, in which came Major General Amherst. Between 30 and 40 Transports, which came out with the Captain Man of War, having on board the second Battalion of Royal Scots, as alfo Forbes's, Lascelles's, and Webbs' Regiment, with Fraser's Highlanders, are also arrived. The Troops are in good health, were disembarked on Thursday, and encamped on the Common. But, notwithstanding their late Fatigues, the whole body decamped on the Saturday Morning following, and with General Amherst at their Head, are now marching towards Lake George, to join the Army under General Abercrombie, with great Chearfulness and Expedition.

1759 Newspaper Extracts

The Whitehall Evening Post

Thursday, January 4, to Saturday, January 6, 1759. No. 1997

The King has been pleased to appoint Donald Cameron, Gent. to be Lieutenant in the 78th Regiment, or 2d Highland Battalion of Foot, commanded by Lieut. Col. Simon Fraser.

London Read Weekly or British Gazetteer

January 6, 1759

We hear that 50 supernumerary men are to be raised in Scotland to go with the additional companies of Col. Montgomery and Col. Fraser's highland battalions.

The Public Advertiser

January 6, 1759

Donald Cameron, Gent. to be Lieutenant in the 78th Regiment of Foot, or Second Highland Battalion of Foot, commanded by Lieut. Col. Simon Fraser.

The Public Advertiser

January 10, 1759

Alexander Fraser, Esq: to be Captain to a Company forthwith to be raised in the 78th Regiment of Foot, or 2d Highland Battalion commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Simon Fraser: As also James Murray, Gent. to be Lieutenant, and Robert Menzies, Gent. to be Ensign in the said Regiment, or Second Highland Battalion of Foot.

London Read Weekly

Saturday, January 13, 1759. No. 4013

The King has been pleased to appoint Alexander Fraser, Esq. to be Lieutenant in the 78th Regiment, or 2d Highland Battalion of Foot, commanded by Lieut. Col. Simon Fraser.

The Derby Mercury

January 19, 1759

Boston, Nov. 29

Colonel Stanwix returned to Albany last Week from the Great Carrying Place up Mohawk River, at which Place the Fort is finish'd: and, it is said, is as well plann'd and built as any in North America. Part of Colonel Fraser's Regiment, and two Companies of Rangers, are station'd there this Winter, as also several Companies of Highlanders at Schenectady and above the Fort.

The Pennsylvania Gazette

February 1, 1759

Glasgow, Oct. 21

On Wednesday last arrived at Greenock, the Ludlow-Castle Man of War, Capt. Clark, with 9 sail of Transports from Portsmouth, to carry a body of new raised Highlanders, & c. over to North-America.

Gazetteer And London Daily Advertiser

February 8, 1759

James Fraser, Esq; is appointed Captain in the 2d battalion of Highlanders in America, commanded by Col. Fraser, in room of Captain Thomas Fraser, deceased. And Simon Fraser, Esq; Captain Lieutenant in the said battalion in room of Capt. Lt. James Fraser promoted.

Alexander Fraser, Gent. Lieutenant in Col. Fraser's Highland battalion, in the room of Lieutenant Simon Fraser, promoted.

The Universal Chronicle

Thursday, March 1

Extract of a letter from an Officer in Col. Frazer's regiment, dated at the camp by Fort Stanwix, Nov. 8, 1758.

After the reduction of Louisburg, five of the regiments that were there, came, under the command of General Amherst, to Boston; of that number our regiment was one. We there met with orders from General Abercrombie to march for Albany, which is 226 miles: A few after our arrival there, our regiment was ordered to this place, which is one hundred and thirty-eight miles further, all upon Mohawk river, except 18 miles betwixt Albany and Schenectady. The lands on the river far exceed any I ever saw, in particular the German Flatts, now quite depopulated. Our regiment is returned to Schenectady, leaving here the four companies commanded by Major Clephane, Captains Macpherson, John Macdonel, and Dungallan. This place was formerly called the Oneida Station, or Great Carrying place; but Brigadier-general Stanwix, being ordered here with 5000 Provincials, has been employed there two months past in building a fort, now called by his name, Fort Stanwix; which our four companies are to occupy this winter, This situation cannot be agreeable, as we have none but Indians within 48 miles of us.

The Derby Mercury

March 16, 1759

Glasgow, March 12

Wednesday last arrived here four Companies of Highlanders, to reinforce the Scots Highland Battalions, commanded by the Colonels Montgomerie and Fraser, now in North America: and on Saturday Morning they marched to Greenock, and went on board the Transports.

The Leeds Intelligencer and Yorkshire General Advertiser

March 20, 1759

Extract of a Letter from Portsmouth, March 13.

This morning several waggons, loaded with baggage and maimed Highlanders from America, set out from the garrison for their respective quarters, in order to be sent to the proper hospitals for cure.

The Leeds Intelligencer and Yorkshire General Advertiser

March 20, 1759

Edinburgh, March 15

On Wednesday last arrived at Glasgow two additional Companies of Highlanders, of 100 Men each, the one for Colonel Frazer's Regiment, the other for Colonel Montgomery's, and on Saturday they marched for Greenock, to take shipping for America.

Public Advertiser

Thursday, March 22, 1759

Scotland. Edinburgh, March 15

On Wednesday last arrived at Glasgow two additional Companies of Highlanders, of 100 Men each, the one for Colonel Frazer's Regiment, the other for Colonel Montgomery's, and on Saturday they marched for Greenock, to take shipping for America.

The Derby Mercury

March 23, 1759

Several Highlanders are arrived here from America to be admitted into Chelsea Hospital; four of whom had been scalped and were left for dead.

Note: Unfortunately, the regimental identities of these man cannot be ascertained.

The Derby Mercury     New

Friday, 06 April, 1759

Glasgow, 31 March

Sailed the Porpus, Lively, and John's Endeavour, three transports, with two Companies of Colonel Montgomery's and Col. Frazer's Highland Regiments on board, for North-America, under Convoy of Eurus Man of War.

Whitehall Evening Post Or London Intelligencer     New

April 10, 1759

Edinburgh, April 5.

Thursday his Majesty's Ship Eurus, Captain John Elphinstone, sailed from Greenock, having about 200 Highland Troops under her Convoy, destined to reinforce those in America.

Aberdeen Press and Journal     New

10 April 1759

Greenock, March 31.

Sailed the Porpus, Woodhouse, the Lively, Shaftoe; and the John's Endeavour, Weir, with the Highlanders for New York under convoy of the Eurus man of war, cap: Elphingston.

Note: The ship's name precedes each captain's name.

The Pennsylvania Gazette

May 3, 1759

New York, April 30

Extract of a Letter from Albany.

Colonel Frazer's Regiment of Highlanders, which lately came down from Fort Stanwix, on the Wood Creek, on Friday last were embarked on board the Transports lying in the North River, to proceed to Halifax.

Dublin Journal     New

May 15, 1759

Dublin

Extract of a Letter from Philadelphia, dated, March 26, 1759.

The Disposition of the Troops begins to be disclosed. There are about 16 Battalions in the adjacent Provinces, of which the old Highlanders, the 48th Regiment, and that of Lascelles will embark from New York and Boston for Louisbourg, supposed for Quebec; the rest will be assembled at Albany under General Amherst, and when joined by the Provincials of North Jersey, New York, and New England, (which may amount to 12,000) will form a Body of 22ooo Men at least, exclusive of Batteau Men.

The Maryland Gazette

May 17, 1759

New York, April 30

Extract of a Letter from Albany.

This Day sailed for Halifax, his Majesty's Ships the Nightingale and Lizard, taking under Convoy the following Transports Ships, having Col. Frazer's Highlanders &c. on board, viz. the James and Henrietta, Mache; the Jane, Garnes; the Eden and Mary, Langdon; the Three Sisters, Miller; the Lyon, Smith; the Two Brothers, Stockton; the Prince of Wales, Potts; the Hopewell, Masterman; the Fortunate Industry, Sarf; the Crown, Maxfield; and two New-York Transports.

Note: Ship's names are followed by their captain, e.g., the James and Henrietta (ship), Mache (captain).

Colonel Frazer's Highlanders are now all embarked, and most Vessels that have them on board, as well as others with Artillery, &c. are fell down the Watering Place, and some to the Hook; so that we have Reason to believe the whole Fleet will sail this Week: They are to be conveyed by the Diana, Lizard, Trent, and Seahorse Frigates; and the Nightingale & Scarborough, of 20 Guns each.

The Maryland Gazette

July 5, 1759

Williamsburg, June 22

Last Wednesday arrived in Hampton Road from Glasgow, his Majesty's Ship Eurus. Captain Elphington, having under Convoy 3 Transports, with betwixt 3 and 400 Highlanders, belonging to Frazer's and Montgomery's Regiments and two Merchant Ships. The Troops are to be immediately disembarked, and wait till further orders.

Public Advertiser     New

July 5, 1759

Extract of a Letter from Louisbourg, June 6.

This Day Admirals Saunders and Holmes sailed from this Place with 10 Sail of 71 Gun Ships, 4 Frigates, and 4 Fireships, 3 Bombs, and about 120 Sail of Transports, some Artillery, Provisions, Horses, &c. from Boston; the rest, with near 3000 Troops on Board, the major part Highlanders, and the other Provincials, all for Quebec.

Jackson's Oxford Journal

July 7, 1759

Extract of a Letter from Louisbourg, June 6

This Day Admiral Saunders and Holmes sailed from this Place, with ten Sail of 74 Gun Ships, four Frigates, and four Fireships, three Bombs, and about 120 Sail of Transports, some Artillery, Provisions, Horses &c. from Boston; the rest with near 3000 Troops on Board, the Major Part Highlanders, and other Provincials, all for Quebeck.

The Maryland Gazette

July 26, 1759

Extract of a Letter from Albany, dated July 12, 1759.

On Monday last arrived here three Transport Vessels, having on board a Number of Highlanders for Fraser's and Montgomery's Battalions. They came from Scotland but last from Virginia, where they arrived some time since.

The Derby Mercury

August 31, 1759

New York, July 16

Monday last three Transports arrived here from Scotland, but last from Virginia, where they arrived about three Weeks ago, with between 3 and 400 Highlanders, belonging to Frazier's and Montgomery's Regiments, on board; since which, they have all embarked for Albany, in order to join General Amherst at Lake George, or whereever he may be.

The London Evening-Post 

From Tuesday October 16, to Thursday October 18, 1759. Numb. 4985

Extract of the Return, Killed, Wounded and Missing, at the Battle of Quebec, Sept. 13, 1759.

Colonel Simon Frazer's. Captains, ----- Ross, killed. John M'Donnell, Simon Fraser, wounded. Lieutenants, M'Donnell, Archibald Campbell, Alexander Campbell, John Douglas, Alexander Fraser, Sen. wounded. Ensigns, James M'Kenzie, Alexander Gregorson, Malcolm Frazer, Sen. wounded. 1 Serjeant, 14 Rank and File, killed. 7 Serjeants, 131 Rank and File, wounded. 2 Rank and File, missing.

The Derby Mercury

October 19, 1759

Extract of a Letter from Quebec, September 20, 1759.

...Our loss hath been Inconsiderable, separate from our dear courageous, yet mild Wolfe, whose Fall added Revenge to Intrepidity. The Regiments of Lascelles, Kennedy's and Wolfe's Grenadiers, did Wonders; the Highlanders, if any Thing, exceeded them. When they betook to their broad Swords, my God! what a Havock they made! drove every Thing before them that came in their Way, and Walls could not resist their Fury. Those breechless brave Fellows are an Honour to their Country. I cannot do them Justice in my Description of them; but I have Reason to believe that their Bravery shall meet with Praise and Approbation, the only Reward (except half Victuals and Cloaths) that a Highlander demands, being prepossessed naturally with a Kind of Martial Honour.

Universal Chronicle and Weekly Gazette

Saturday, October 20, 1759

Extract of a letter from Quebec, September 20, 1759.

'I thank God I have been in a good state of health since my arrival here, nor have the fatigues incident to a campaign, in which we had almost every kind of difficulty to surmount, affected my health in the least. Were I to describe, in military phrases, the strength, situation, number, and, upon this occasion, uncommon bravery of the enemy (who needed to have nothing to fear from our number, but our deficiency in that respect was sufficiently supplied by unanimity and courage) you would not be a little surprised at our undertaking, which I believe to have been by sole direction of Providence, and to which the harmony among us hath greatly contributed, every man in his station, discharging his duty. Our loss hath been inconsiderably separate from our dear courageous, yet mild Wolfe, whose fall added revenge to intrepidity. The regiments of Lascelles, Kennedy's, and Wolfe's grenadiers, did wonders: the Highlanders, if anything, exceeded them. When they betook to their broad swords, my God! what a havock they made! drove every thing before them that came in their way, and walls could not refit their fury. - Those breechless brave fellows are an honour to their country. - I cannot do them justice in my description of them; but I have reason to believe that their bravery shall meet with praise and approbation, the only reward (except half victuals and cloaths) that a Highlander demands, being prepossessed naturally with a kind of martial honour.

I cannot say what we shall next do, but we seem to put this place in a proper state of defence, for fear of insult. - For the particulars of the engagement, surrender of the town, and loss on both sides, I refer you to the packets by express, which I have no doubt will be joyful news in England.'

I am, Sir, Your's, &c.

Capt. James Calcraft

Edinburgh Chronicle     New

November 26, 1759

Extract of a letter from an officer in Fraser's highland regiment at Quebec, Sept. 20.

"In the battle of the 13th inst, all our troops did honour to their country; but there has been so much said in regard to the extraordinary behaviour of our regiment commanded by the brave Capt. John Campbell, that I shall say nothing on that head, but give you a list of the killed and wounded.

    Officers killed.

    Captain Ross.

    Lieut. Roderick Macneil of Barra.

    ----- Alexander Macdonald, son to Barisdale.

    

    Officers wounded.

    Capt. Simon Fraser, wounded slightly in the head.

    ----- John Macdonald, wounded in both the thighs, the bone safe.

    Archibald Campbell, wounded through the body.

    Ronald Macdonald, Keppoch, slightly wounded in the knee.

    John Douglas of Mains, wounded in the arm.

    Alexander Campbell of Mull, a flesh wound in the leg.

    Alexander Fraser, a slight wound in the hand.

    Ensigns Mackenzie, Malcolm Fraser, and Grierson [Gregorson], slightly wounded.

The killed that day of our men were 14, and wounded 132. This is a good deal more than our proportion according to our numbers; but one of the Royal Americans who had deserted to the French some time before, did us the honour to acquaint the enemy, that if they could beat our regiment, they would carry the day; upon which they doubled their regular forces against us, and by which the greater number felt the weight of our claymores. This may be said to be the first regular battle fought in America, and which the French and Canadians will have reason to remember for ages to come. Notwithstanding our small number, nothing will satisfy us now but the town."

Public Advertiser     New

January 20, 1759

Boston, Nov. 27.

Col. Stanwix returned to Albany last Week from the Great Carrying-place up Mohawk River, at which Place the Fort is finished; and, it is said, is as well planned and built as any in North America: Part of Col. Fraser's Regiment and two Companies of Rangers are stationed there this Winter, as also several Companies of the Highlanders at other Places between Schenectady and above the Fort.

1760 Newspaper Extracts

The Derby Mercury

Friday, 11 January 1760

London. 10 January

Last week that gallant old Highlander, Malcolm Macpherson (who at the Age of 70 went a Volunteer to North America) received the Sacrament at St. Martin's Church, preparative to his Desire of taking the Oaths of Allegiance to his Majesty. His intrepid Behaviour at Louisbourg, &c. in 1758, and at Quebec, &c. last Year (where his Grandsons was killed fighting by his Side) induced his Friend the immortal wolfe, to give him a Commission the very Day before the Action in which that youthful hero fell; nor was the old Gentleman less respected by the rest of the brave General Officers for his cheerful Spirit and Activity on every Occasion.

The Daily Register of Commerce and Intelligence

Saturday, February 2, 1760

Extract of a Letter from Edinburgh.

"At the battle near Quebec, Sept. 13. when the command of the army, by the death of general Wolfe, devolved on general Townshend, he observed an old Highlander in the front of the army, laying about him with the most surprising strength and agility, bearing down all opposition, till almost spent with fatigue, he retired behind a breast-work of dead bodies, most of whom he had slain with his own hand; where he drew his breath a little; and then casting off his upper coat, which incumbered him, he again returned to the charge, and at every blow brought a Frenchman to the groung. The general, full of admiration at his intrepid behaviour, ordered him to be brought to him after the engagement: and having bestowed on him the encomiums which his gallant behaviour deserved, he asked him how he could leave his native country, and follow the fortune of war, in such an unfavourable clime, at such an advanced age? He replied, that his hatred to the French, on account of their persidious behaviour on many occasions, had made him leave his family at seventy years of age, as a volunteer, in order to be revenged on them before his death: and he hoped, on that day, he had not afronted himself, his king, or country. Gen. Townshend was so well pleased with the magnanimity of the brave fellow, that he brought him home with him, and presented him to Mr. Pitt: by whom he was introduced to his majesty; who had been graciously pleased to give him a lieutenant's commission, with the liberty of serving in any corps, or in any country he chuses; or, if he shall incline to retire to his family and friends, to have a lieutenant's pay during life. When he walked along the streets of London, we are told, that the people, as he passed, cried, There goes the brave old Highlander, long live the gallant old boy. -- His broad sword, with which he nobly revenged himself on his country's foes, is a most excellent one, and has descended, from father to son, as a particular legacy, for upwards of 300 years; and he is so extremely fond of it, that he takes it to bed with him every night.

The gentleman here mentioned is Malcolm Macpherson of Phones, in Badenoch. An action has depended for some time before the court of session for his evicting his estate from him, and he wrote from London to his agent to take care of the douchas; not to let either [...] or [...] get the mailing; that the sword and the mailing must remain together, the one to defend the other; adding, that his promotion comes so fast, that he hopes to be a colonel yet, though he is now 73 years of age. P.S. He is since come here."

Note: The British Army List states he was gazetted ensign 4 September 1759, and removed from the regimental list by 1763. His name does not appear with the regiment, on the 1767 list of officers receiving half-pay.

Annapolis Maryland Gazette     New

July 17, 1760

Names of Officers killed, wounded and taken Prisoners, without the Walls of Quebec, 28th of April, 1760.

LXIIId. Regiment. Col. Fraser, Capts. Cameron, John Campbell, Alexander Fayer [Fraser], M'Leod, wounded; Captain-Lieutenant Donald M'Donald wounded; Lieutenants Cosmo Gordon killed; Archibald Campbell wounded; Hector M'Donald killed; Donald M'Bean, Alexander Fraser senior, Alexander Simon Fraser senior, Simon Fraser junior, Malcolm Fraser, Alexander Fraser of the Grenadiers, and Donald M'Neal, wounded; Ensigns Henry Monro, Robert Menzies, Charles Stuart, Duncan Cameron, William Robertson, Alexander Gregorson, Arthur Rose, wounded, Ensign Malcolm Fraser killed.

Public Advertiser

Thursday, July 24, 1760

Scotland. Edinburgh, July 19. Extract of a Letter from an Officer in Colonel Frazer's Regiment, dated from Quebec, May 20.

The French bought their Advantage on the 28th of April, at a very dear Rate; they had 4 Companies of their Grenadiers cutoff to 30; they lost in all about 2000 by their own Account, and 500 more during the Siege, which lasted 19 Days, during which it is incredible to tell with what Spirit everything went on in the Garrison, and what Works were furnished; the Town was so fortified, that the Enemy could not have been Mailers of it, without a great Loss of Time, and a great Number of their Men. I assure you, that during the Siege we had not above 2000 Men fit for Duty; the rest were taken ill with Flux and Scurvy; and it must be said of the Governor and Garrison, that they have acted with a Spirit worthy of True Britons. As to the Loss this Regiment has sustained, it is as usual, for out of 340 Men that marched out [500 being hit of the Scurvy remaining in the Town] 230 were killed: or wounded, and of 35 Officers, there were 29 killed or wounded. Capt. Donald M'Donald, and Lieut. Cosmo Gordon, were killed, and poor Hector Macdonald of Boisdale was shot thro' the Lungs, of which he died in three Days; Ensign Fraser died of his Wounds in five Days; all of them greatly and justly regretted. All the rest of the wounded Officers are doing well.

The Daily Register 

St. Valoir, near Quebec, Oct. 14. [1760]

Colonel Frazer's regiment are quartered in the country round Quebec, for refreshing themselves after their long confinement in that place. Capt. Abercrombie of the 4th regiment, is appointed Major in Colonel Frazer's, in room of Major Campbell, preferred. Captain John Campbell has purchased the other Majoralty in the said regiment; and Lieutenant Alexander Campbell has got a company.

The London Chronicle: or Universal Evening-Post 

From Tuesday, October 21, to Thursday, October 23, 1760. No. 597

Thursday, Oct. 23.

Extract of a Letter from an Officer in Colonel Frazer's Regiment, to his Friend in Edinburgh, dated Quebec, Sept. 13, 1760.

We are just arrived from Fort Jaques Quartier, which we invested and took the 9th instant, before we knew any thing pf the taking of Montreal. This expedition was commanded ny Col. Frazer, who had a detachment of 800 men, and the place was resolutely defended by the Marquis d'Albergotts, an Italian, who fired on us, till he was reduced to thirty pounds of powder, and saw us move towards the fort to storm it; so that he had the honour of being the last who held out, and we of taking the last fort in Canada.

1761 Newspaper Extracts

Public Advertiser

March 13, 1761

Quebec, October 15

Cols. Fraser, Howe, Dalling, &c with a great many other Officers, have got Leave to go home and are sailed. The Regiments here in general have suffered greatly ; of fourteen hundred and fifty the Number of Fraser's Highlanders, seven hundred do not remain, and at least one Half of them have broken Limbs, or are otherwise so disabled as to be unfit for Service.

1762 Newspaper Extracts

The Pennsylvania Gazette

Thursday, March 4, 1762

[Extract of a letter from Quebec, August 13.]

"There are seven regiments left in Canada, that is, four at Quebec, viz. the 47th, 58th, second battalion of Royal Americans, and Fraser's Highlanders; and three at Montreal, viz. the 44th, 46th and fourth battalion of Royal Americans."

Jackson's Oxford Journal

Saturday, May 29, 1762

We are informed that Colonel Fraser of the Highlanders, and Major Wedderburn, are to have considerable Commands in Portugal, of Light Infantry raised in the Country.

Gazeteer and London Daily Advertiser

Monday, August 30, 1762. No. 10,407

The following regiments still remain in North America, viz, 44th, Abercrombies; 45th, Boscowan's; 46th, Murray's; 47th, Lascelle's; 55th, Oughton's; 60th [or Royal American,] three battalions; 78th Fraser's Highlanders; and 80th, late Gage's; in all 10 battalions. It is supposed that some of these [particulary at Halifax or Quebec, at which last place there are three regiments] may be ready to co-operate with the fleet that is sailed from England, for the recovery of Newfoundland.

Gazeteer and London Daily Advertiser

Tuesday, September 28, 1762

Lieut. William Robertson, of the 78th Regiment of foot. commanded by the Hon. Col. Fraser, to be Captain of an independent company of foot.

The Derby Mercury

Friday, December 3, 1762

London, December 2

We hear a Body of 12,000 Land Forces will be kept on Foot in America, to consist of 15 Regiments of Regulars in the Pay of Great Britain, and 10 Regiments of Provincials in the Pay of the Colonies. 

It is also said that 33 Regiments of Foot will be disbanded, and only 75 kept on Foot, and Col. Montgomery's and Col. Frasers Highlanders substituted in the Room of the 3d and 4th Battalion of the Royal American Regiment; and that each Company of the Regiments kept standing, will be reduced to 50 Men, those of the Foot Guards to 55; and the Second Lieutenants put on Half-pay.

1763 Newspaper Extracts

The Pennsylvania Gazette

Thursday, February 17, 1763

It is also reported that 33 regiments of foot will be disbanded and only 72 kept on foot, and Col. Montgomery's, and Col. Fraser's Highlanders, substituted in the room of the 3d and 4th battalions of the Royal American regiment; and that each company of the regiments kept standing, will be reduced to 50 men, those of the foot guards to 55; and the second lieutenants put on half pay.

The Derby Mercury

Friday, March 25, 1763

Reports from the Daily Papers

It is said Encouragement will be given to our disbanded Soldiers to go and settle at Quebec, and our other Acquisitions on the River St. Lawrence.

The Newcastle Courant

No. 4517

Saturday, April 16, MDCCLXIII

For the ENCOURAGEMENT of Discharged SEAMEN and Disbanded SOLDIERS.

THE COMMISSIONERS appointed by HIS MAJESTY for managing the fortified Estates in Scotland, by which and Act of the 25th of his late Majesty were annexed to the Crown unalienably, for the Purpose of civilizing the Highlands of Scotland, have resolved to bestow, out of Rents of the Estates, the sum of 6610 l. Sterling, in Bounties, for encouraging discharged Sailors and Marines, to the Number of 1000, who have served on Board his Majesty's Navy in the last War, to settle as Fishers on the Sea Coast of the Highlands of Scotland: and to bestow the further sum of 3000 l. Sterling, for encouraging disbanded Soldiers, to the number of 500, who have served his Majesty in the last War, to settle on the annexed Estates as Artificers, Manufacturers, or Day Labourers.

        The ENCOURAGEMENT to SAILORS is as follows:

    To each Sailor or Marine, who shall settle as a Fisher on any of the Coasts of the annexed Estates, a Bounty of 2 l. Sterling, with a boat fit for the Herring and Cod Fishing, to each crew of eight Men.

    And further, to each married Sailor or Marine, a Dwelling house, and a Portion of Ground not exceeding three Acres, Rent-free for seven Years; and thereafter, at a Rent not exceeding Five Shillings Sterling, per Acre.

    To each Sailor or Marine, who shall settle as a Fisher on such Parts of the Coast as do not lie within the annexed Estates, a Bounty of 3 l. Sterling, and his House rent to be paid for three Years.

        The ENCOURAGEMENT to SOLDIERS is as follows:

    That for married Soldiers, who settle upon the annexed Estates, Dwelling -houses shall be built, to the Number of 300, to be possessed by them Rent-free during Life.

    That 3 l. Sterling shall be paid to each of them for providing Houshold [sic] Furniture,

    That a Portion of Ground not exceeding three Acres, shall be allotted to each of them, for raising Corn, Hay, PotHerbs, &c. to maintain his Family, and to feed one Cow. These small Farms to be Rent-free for the first three Years, and thereafter to pay a Rent not exceeding 5 s. Sterling per Acre.

    That each unmarried Soldier to the Number of 200, who settles on these Estates, shall have yearly, for three Years, a Premium of 20 s. and if any of them shall marry within three Years, Houses and Possessions shall be provided for them as above.

    That till these Houses can be built, the Commissioners will employ, in the public Works now carrying on upon these Estates, disbanded Soldiers to the Number of 500.

    N.B.  Any Sailor, Marine, or Soldier desirous of accepting these Bounties, may apply to the Commissioners, at their Office, in Edinburgh; or by writing to Henry Barclay, Esq, their Secretary, or to any of their Factors upon the annexed Estates.

Gazetteer and London Daily Advertiser

Wednesday, May 11, 1763, Issue: 10660

George Peacock, gent. to be Lieut. in the 78th regiment of foot, or 2d Highland battalion, commanded by Col. Fraser in the room of Lieut. Robertson, preferred.

The Aberdeen Journal

30 May 1763

To the PRINTER:

SIR:

A Question is proposed in a late paper, Why the highlanders, above any others, are placed as attendants upon general Wolfe, when expiring at Quebec, and seems to think there was at least a compliment of that kind due to the English, as so superior a number of that nation were on the spot, in that memorable action, there is given for answer to this quere, as follow, viz. "The reason is plain enough; for the English were at the time employed in beating the French.["] I am, &c. J.L.

London Evening Post

Thursday September 8, to Saturday September 10, 1763. Numb. 5994

His Majesty has been pleased to constitute and appoint Lieut. Alexander Wood, to be Captain in the 78th Regiment of foot, commanded by the Hon. Col. Fraser, in the room of Capt. Charles McDonald, deceased.

Ipswich Journal

Saturday, September 17, 1763

London, Tuesday, September 13

To give Encouragement to the many thousands lately reduced, and for the better settling and improving our new Conquests in America, a Scheme has been drawn up by the Board of Trade, which, we hear, will speedily take Place, and be made public by Royal Proclamation. Among the advantages offered to these new Settlers by this Plan, the following is Part, viz. Every Field Officer, who settles in these Countries, shall have a Grant from the Crown of 5000 Acres; a Captain 3000, every Subaltern and Staff Officer 2500, every Serjeant 100, and every private Man 50.

The Aberdeen Journal, 1763

Whitehall Evening Post, Sept. 27.

Extract of a letter from Charles Town

One Jefferys, and Indian Trader having sold to the Cherokees several garments of red baize, much in the nature of the Highlander uniform, for which he had a valuable return of furs and deerskins, and his excellency the governor finding these things liked, and the Indians not a little proud of their new dress, had ordered a very magnificent suit of rich scarlet, in the same form, and trimmed with silver tasles, to be presented to each of their chiefs; so that if this humour holds, we may soon see the whole Cherokee nation, in the way of trade, clap on regimentals, which may probably extend all over North America.

Derby Mercury

Friday, October 14, 1763

London, Oct. 15.

We hear the Officers and Soldiers will have proper Implements and Utensils allowed them to cultivate the Lands allotted them in the Conquered Provinces in North America, tho' no express Mention thereof is made in the late Proclamation, agreeable to what was observed in the first establishing Nova Scotia.

Caledonian Mercury

Edinburgh, Saturday, December 3, 1763

On Friday se'nnight the officers, and 200 of the private men of Colonel Frazer's regiment, arrived at Greenock from Quebec. Before they left that place, 400 of them were draughted into General Amherst's regiment of Royal Americans.

Note: Briton was the second of two transport ships carrying the 78th Regiment home from North America. [Embarkation Return of the 47th and 78th Regiments, 12 October 1763. Centre for Kentish Studies, Amherst Manuscripts, reference CKS-U1350/9/1/2/32/6 has been renumbered as U1350/O53/6].

Shipmaster: Mr. Josias Hutchinson. [Letter of Amherst to Hutchinson at New York, 5 August 1763. Library and Archives Canada, Microfilm C-12847, images 1617-18].

St. James Chronicle or British Evening Post

London, 8 December 1763

Edinburgh, December 3 

From Glasgow we have Advice that only the Officers and 200 private Men of Colonel Frazer's Regiment from Quebec had arrived at Greenock, and that 400 of them, before they left that Place, had been draughted into General Amherst's Regiment of Royal Americans.

Note: At the conclusion of the war, about half of Colonel Fraser's soldiers in the 78th Regiment were transferred to the 15th Foot, 27th Foot, and 60th Royal American Regiments. 

Kentish Weekly Post or Canterbury Journal

Saturday, December 10, 1763

Plymouth, Dec. 2

Yesterday arrived the Neptune from Quebec, with troops; in the night she was drove on shore in Catwater, it blowing a storm at W. N. W. but she got off again the next tide without any damage.

Note: Neptune was one of two transport ships carrying the 78th Regiment, with women and "invalids" home. [Embarkation Return of the 47th and 78th Regiments, 12 October 1763. Centre for Kentish Studies, Amherst Manuscripts, CKS-U1350/9/1/2/32/6].

Shipmaster: Mr. Edward Symonds. [Letter of Amherst to Symonds at New York, 4 August 1763. Library and Archives Canada, Microfilm C-12847, image 1614].

The Caledonian Mercury

Edinburgh, Saturday, December 10, 1763

We are informed several hundred Highlanders, who have formerly served in America, and like the country, will take the benefit of the late proclamation, and embark among the first for the two Floridas.

The Caledonian Mercury

Edinburgh, Saturday, December 17, 1763

Captain McPherson, the valiant Highlander, who went to Quebec a volunteer in the late war, and carried with him a number of his sons, grandsons, &c. and who distinguished themselves with remarkable bravery, was lately married, tho' upwards of 80 years, to a lady whom he had made his first address to above 40 years since.

They write from Glasgow, that on Wednesday last, the remains of Col. Fraser's regiment of Highlanders were drawn up on the Green and afterwards disbanded; by their stay at Quebec most of them are able to speak the French language tolerably.

St. James Chronicle or British Evening Post 

London, 22 December 1763

Glasgow, December 15

Yesterday the Remains of Colonel Frazer's Regiment of Highlanders were drawn up in the Green, and afterwards disbanded; by their stay at Quebec most of them are able to speak the French Language tolerably.

Gazeteer & London Daily Advertiser 

London, Monday, 26 December 1763

The 14th inst. Frazer's Highlanders regiment was broke at Glasgow; most of them had learned French during their residence at Quebec.

1764 Newspaper Extracts

The Derby Mercury

Friday, 6 January 1764

Charles Town, South-Carolina, Nov. 5

Last Sunday arrived here Capt. Mason, from Philadelphia, with Lieutenants Charles Stuart and Arthur Rose, of Col. Fraser's Regiment of Highlanders, who left Quebec so late as the 20th of Sept. and say, when they left that Place "That one of his Majesty's Frigates commanded by Capt. Douglas, had fallen in with a French Frigate at Anchor, either in the River of Gulph of St. Lawrence, far within those Limits from which the French are expressly excluded by the late Treaty; that Capt. Douglas desired the French Commander to remove, but Monsieur refused, whereupon Capt. Douglas fired upon him, as he acquainted him he should be obliged to do; that an Engagement ensued, in which our Captain proved victorious; and that the French Frigate was ordered for England.

1767 Newspaper Extracts

Williamsburg, Virginia Gazette 

March 5, 1767

We have the honour to present the petition of John Frazier, Esq; Captain in the late 78th regiment, Deputy Paymaster General at Montreal, and one of the Judges of the court of Common Pleas; John Campbell, Esq., Captain in the 27th regiment; Daniel Disney, Esq; Captain in the 44th regiment; St. Luke la Corne, late Captain in the French service, and Knight of the Order of St. Louis; Simon Evans, Lieutenant in the 28th regiment; and Mr. Joseph Howard, merchant.

At the same time that we express our abhorrence of the breach of publick order in the outrage committed on the person of Mr. Thomas Walker, and our wishes for the discovery of the perpetrators of it, we cannot be unmoved when we consider the circumstances of the Gentlemen, now torn from their families, and imprisoned on suspicion thereof.

Until we hear the crime proved against them we cannot help interesting ourselves for men who, from their families, stations, services, and established characters [until this surprising stroke] stood in the highest degree of estimation in this province.

We not only feel for them, but for their families. With what affliction do his Majesty's new subjects behold their gray hairs of their countrymen so unexpectedly, perhaps irretrievably, affronted!

We therefore most earnestly entreat you, Sir, to interpose your authority to mitigate the rigour of the law; a dispensation even from which would be in this case, if any, we humbly conceive, justifiable.

We are so well convinced of those Gentelmens honours that all and every one of us do hereby offer to become their bail, to the uttermost extent of our fortunes, nay even with our lives, as well as their appearance to take their trial as for the safety of Mr. Walker's person from any hurt from them, in consequence of their enlargement.

From your Honour's known clemency and moderation, we flatter ourselves with the strongest hopes that every possible management in favour of these Gentlemen will be employed. Their before untainted characters, and publick voice, makes us confident that none ever was better applied. All which is, with the greatest respect, humbly submitted to your Honour's judicious consideration.

Quebec, Nov. 23, 1766 [Signed by 69 hands]

1772 Newspaper Extracts

The Virginia Gazette

August 6, 1772. Number 1097

Williamsburg, July 30.

One Donald Macpherson, Skipper of a James River Craft, lying with his vessel at Warwick, about a Fortnight ago, had her robbed of some Articles by a Negro, whom he afterwards had the Opportunity of Correcting for it. Some little Time afterwards the Fellow came up the Bank and gave Macpherson  scurrilious Language, who thereupon jumped ashore to lay Hold of the Negro; and he, to avoid him, ran into the Water. Macpherson followed him; and closing with him, both perished together. This Macpherson, who was a Serjeant in Colonel Fraser's Highland Regiment at Quebeck, came from thence, a few Years ago, with some others of that Corps (having been discharged) to look for Bread; and by his Industry, and good Behaviour, had acquired a Vessel of his own, with the Esteem and Confidence of the Gentleman who employed him.

© Jeffrey Campbell, The 78th Regiment of Foot, 2018.

Last updated 28 September 2023