Sunday, July 1, 2018

The Siege of Quebec: Week One


JOURNAL

OF THE PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS

DURING THE SIEGE OF QUEBEC

AT ANCHOR OPPOSITE THE ISLAND OF ORLEANS

JULY 26TH 1759

BY AN OFFICER OF FRASER'S REGT


Prefatory note: The name of the author of this journal is not known, but it is supposed to have been an officer, or non-commissioned officer in "Fraser's Highlanders." The original manuscript is property of Mr. Galloway, of Inverness. In comparing the dates of the various events recorded, with those given by other writers of the period, it is perceived the original author is generally accurate. There are also many particulars given of the last days of the Siege, which are of exceptional value.

The Siege of Quebec

June 27, 1759. This morning the greatest part of the army landed on the Island of Orleans. Afternoon of this day it blew excessively hard, the consequence of which occasioned a great many boats sunk and staved, particularly several transports driving from their anchors and running on shore.

28th. The remaining part of the army landed, at which a sudden gale of wind arised, which endangered the troops debarking, as also damaging the ship greatly. More boats lost.

29th. This morning about 1 o'clock the enemy, by favour of a N.W. wind and ebb of tide, sent down several fire ships and rafts with an intention to destroy the fleets : but the activity of the sailors with their boats and grapplings prevented any bad consequence attending thereto.

Major Dalling's detachment of Light Infantry under arms all night occasioned to an alarm given by Capt. ------- of Kennedy's regiment leaving his post, and coming into camp at an unseasonable hour.

The Louisbourg Grenadiers, Major Dalling's Light Infantry, and two companies of Rangers took post on the west end of the Island of Orleans, discovered four separate encampments of the enemy (north side of the river), twixt the Falls of Montmorency and the town, being 10 miles distance, strongly fortified, being the general rendez-vous called Beauport where the enemy were constantly employed in rendering defensive from the first appearance of our fleet in the River St. Lawrence.

This evening 6 men wounded on the west end of the Island of Orleans, belonging to Amherst's and Kennedy's regiments.

30th. Amherst's, Kennedy's, Webb's, and Fraser's regiments decamped from the west end of the Island of Orleans, embarked on board flat-bottomed boats, crossed the river St. Lawrence, and landed on the south side. Had some picquering with the enemy's Irregulars, of which they killed four, took THREE prisoners, and beat the remainder off from a post they occupied opposite to Cape Diamond ; after which the army took post at Point Levy, and remained quiet all night without the least molestation.

This morning two grenadiers of Whitemore's regiment were scalped, and most cruelly mangled on the east end of the Island of Orleans by three lurking Indians, who, after the murder, made their escape in their canoes to the north shore occupied by the enemy.

July 1st. Bragg's, Lasscell's, and Anstruther's regiments, under the command of Brigadier Townshend, marched from their former camp on the west end to the east point of the Island of Orleans. And the Light Infantry from thence to Point Levy on our arrival.... was informed that the 4 regiments posted here suffered by a cannonading from floating batteries or boats mounting 6 and 9-pounders. Amherst had 4 killed and wounded, and Fraser's 12 men.

2nd. A large detachment from the four regiments under the command of Brigadier-General Moncton, flanked by the Light Infantry, escorted General Wolfe, who went a reconoitering two miles to the west-ward of the camp at Point Levy. Discovered a few Canadians and Indians who fired on us from behind a bush. NONE HURT. 

3rd. Very rainy weather ; nothing done ; all quiet.

Source:
Anon. Journal of the particular transactions during the siege of Quebec: at anchor opposite the Island of Orleans, July 26th, 1759. London, Quebec, 1901.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, The 78th Regiment of Foot, 2018.

Share:
Continue Reading →

Friday, June 15, 2018

Lt. Hugh Fraser Transfers to the 78th Regiment, Oct. 1761


Writing from Staten Island in the fall of 1761, General Jeffrey Amherst informs the Honorable Governor James Murray regarding the recent commission sold to Lieutenant Hugh Fraser, 27th Inniskilling Regiment, and his impending transfer to the 78th Regiment. Military transfers of this nature were often necessary to maintain the proper distribution of troop levels across the regiments during the campaign.

Staten Island 25th Octr. 1761

Dear Sir,
I Have granted a Commission to Lieut. Fraser of the 27th. to the Company in Frasers, and he now Sets out to Joyn the Regt. and will Deliver you this with my other Letters.

I am, with great Truth & Regard
                                                                                       
Dear Sir,  &c.

Jeff Amherst
______

Copy
______

P.S. The Company is Capt: Fraser's who sells out.

Hon: Govr. Murray.

Note: Lt. Hugh Fraser is the only Fraser officer in 1762 to be identified as having previously served with the 27th Inniskilling Regiment. A full list of officers to have served with the 78th Regiment is located here.

Source:
Jeffrey Amherst, "Letters from the Commanders-in-Chief, New York to the Governor of Quebec, 1760-1763." War Office Records: Amherst Papers. W.O. 34, vol. 3.

Ford, Worthington Chauncey. British Officers Serving in America, 1754-1774. Boston, 1894.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, The 78th Regiment of Foot, 2018.


Share:
Continue Reading →

Friday, June 1, 2018

General Forbes' Letter to Colonel Simon Fraser, Sep. 1757

New York Septr. 16th 1757.~
Sir,

I am commanded by the Earl of Loudoun, to acquaint you, that as your Regiment is ordered directly to New York, that you will order Returns to be made out, to be deliver'd in upon your Arrival there.

- 1st: A General Return of the Battalion, with the Numbers of your Supernumeraries.
- 2d: A Copy of your Recruiting Accounts, stating the Time from Whence the Pay of the Battalion commenced; the Sum allowed by the Government for inlisting each man; With a true State of the Sums paid for Recruiting and Subsisting each Man. As also the Number that the Regiment consisted of, from the 24th of December last, and so forward weekly to the 24th. of June.

You are likewise to give and Account to what Time the Pay of the Regiment has been issued from the Pay Office into your Agent's Hands; and to what Time the Regiment has received Money for their Subsistence; and what Provision is made for supporting the Regiment that his Lordship may give Orders accordingly.
In Case that his Lordship be gone from hence, before your Arrival, You are to take the Earliest Opportunity of transmitting the above to his Lordship, wherever he may chance to be. And in His Absence, you will find Orders Left here with the Commanding Officer, How you are further to proceed. I am

                                                                               Sir,
                                                                                    Your most obt. Humble Servant.
                                                                                             Jno. Forbes.
Lt. Colo. Fraser

-------
Copy
-------

[Endorsed:] Copy. A Letter from Colonel John Forbes Adjt. Genl. to Lieut. Colonel Fraser New York Sept. 16th 1757.

Source:
James, Alfred Procter. Writings of General John Forbes Relating to His Service in North America. Collegiate Press, Menasha, Wisconsin, 1938.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, The 78th Regiment of Foot, 2018.  All rights reserved.  

Share:
Continue Reading →

Tuesday, May 15, 2018

Payroll Account of Thomas Russell, 1758


Much like today, accounting books were used in the eighteenth century for documenting military pay and other related expenses accrued over periods of time. The payroll account of Private Thomas Russell, 78th Regiment, covers the period of July 5, 1757, through April 24, 1758. 

Note: Category headers and bracketed script have been added for clarification and do not appear in the original document. Additionally, it would not be uncommon to discover accounting errors as these were gentlemen who created inaccuracies the same as you and I.

[Page 90 - Private Thomas Russel]

Income

To 9 Weeks Pay & arrears from y'e. 5th July to y'e. 5th September
     £: 1. 10. 9
To 5 Weeks arrears of Pay from y'e. 5th Sept'r. to 10th Oct'r.
     £: 0. 8. 4
To 3 Weeks arrears @ 5p week
     £: 0. 1. 3
To 6 Weeks Pay & arrears from y'e. 17th Oct'r. to y'e. 28th Nov'r. 1757
     £: 1. 0. 6
To 21 Weeks arrears of Pay from y'e. 28th Nov'r. 1757 to y'e. 24th Apr'l. 1758
     £: 1. 15. 0

[Total]  £: 4. 15. 10

Expenses

To 1 Pair Shoes & 1 Nap Sack
     £: 0. 6. 6
To 2 Haversacks & 1 Cocade
     £: 0. 2. 8
To 1 Pair Garters & 1 Sett buckles
     £: 0. 1. 4
To 1 Kilt & 1 Small belt
     £: 0. 1. 4
To 1 Turn Key Screw brush & wire
     £: 0. 0. 9
To Provisions at Glasgow
     £: 0. 4. 8
To Spruce Beer at Halifax
     £: 0. 2. 8
To 2 Cheq'd. Shirts
     £: 0. 7. 0
To 10 Months Stoppages for y'e. Payment Serjt. @ 1p month
     £: 0. 0. 10
To 7 Months D'o. for y'e. Barber @ 2p D’o.
     £: 0. 1. 2
To y'e. Proportion of a Cook's Frock
£: 0. 0. 8
To Cash given you at Fairf'd. & Boston
     £: 1. 8. 9

  [Total]  £: 2. 17. 7

 [Income minus Expenses equals Cash Paid]

To Cash Paid as Bala'ce of Above
       £: 1. 18. 3

Halifax 4th May 1758 Rec'd. y'e. above Bala'ce. in full of my Pay & arrears of Pay from y'e. Date of my Attestation to y'e. 24th Apr. last as witness of my hand.     [his mark]  Thos. X  RuĹżsell

Source:
Major James Clephane, "Payroll account of Private Thomas Russell, 1758." Military Account Book at Halifax. NAS GD125-34-5, pp. 181-82.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, The 78th Regiment of Foot, 2018.

Share:
Continue Reading →

Tuesday, May 1, 2018

Payroll Account of Serjeant John McGrigor, 1758


Much like today, accounting books were used in the eighteenth century for documenting military pay and other related expenses accrued over periods of time. The payroll account of Serjeant John McGrigor, 78th Regiment, covers the period of July 5, 1757, through April 24, 1758. 

Note: Category headers and bracketed script have been added for clarification and do not appear in the original document. Additionally, it would not be uncommon to discover accounting errors as these were gentlemen who created inaccuracies the same as you and I.

[Page 4 - Serjeant John McGrigor]

Income

To Pay & arrears Due you to y'e. 24th Apr. 1758
     £: 6. 11. 0

[Total]  £: 6. 11. 0

Expenses

To 1 Pair Shoes & 1 Napsack
£: 0. 6. 6
To 1 Haversack & 1 Cocade
£: 0. 1. 8
To 1 Pair Garters & 1 Sett Buckles
£: 0. 1. 4
To 1 Kilt & Small Belt
£: 0. 1. 4
To Provision at Glasgow
£: 0. 4. 8
To Spruce Beer at Halifax
£: 0. 2. 8
To 2 Cheq'd. Shirts
£: 0. 7. 0
To Y'e. Proportion of a Cooks Frock
£: 0. 0. 8
To 10 months stops for y'e. Payment Serjt. @ 1½p Month
£: 0. 0. 10
To 7 D'o. D'o. for y'e. barber @ 2p D'o.
£: 0. 1. 2
To Cash given you at Fairf'd.
£: 0. 18. 8

£: 2. 0. 0

£: 4. 2. 1

£: 6. 11. 0

[Total]  £: 2. 6. 4

[Income minus Expenses equals Cash Paid] 

To Cash Paid him as Bala'ce. of y'e. Above
       £: 4. 4. 8



Halifax 17th May 1758 Rec'd. y'e. above ball'ce in full of my Pay & arrears of Pay Due from y'e. Date of my attestation to y'e. 24th Apr. Last as witneĹżs my hand
                                                                                             [signed]  John McGregor

Source:
Major James Clephane, "Payroll account of Serjeant John McGregor, 1758." Military Account Book at Halifax. NAS GD125-34-5, pp. 12-13.

©  Jeffrey Campbell, The 78th Regiment of Foot, 2018.

Share:
Continue Reading →